Digital Signal Processing Questions for entrance exams focuses on “IIR Filter Design by Approximation of Derivatives”.
1. An analog filter can be converted into digital filter by approximating the differential equation by an equivalent difference equation.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
Clarification: One of the simplest methods for converting an analog filter into digital filter is to approximate the differential equation by an equivalent difference equation.
2. Which of the following is the backward difference for the derivative of y(t) with respect to ‘t’ for t=nT?
A. [y(n)+y(n+1)]/T
B. [y(n)+y(n-1)]/T
C. [y(n)-y(n+1)]/T
D. [y(n)-y(n-1)]/T
Answer: D
Clarification: For the derivative dy(t)/dt at time t=nT, we substitute the backward difference [y(nT)-y(nT-T)]/T. Thus
dy(t)/dt =[y(nT)-y(nT-T)]/T
=[y(n)-y(n-1)]/T
where T represents the sampling interval and y(n)=y(nT).
3. Which of the following is true relation among s-domain and z-domain?
A. s=(1+z-1)/T
B. s=(1+z )/T
C. s=(1-z-1)/T
D. None of the mentioned
Answer: C
Clarification: The analog differentiator with output dy(t)/dt has the system function H(s)=s, while the digital system that produces the output [y(n)-y(n-1)]/T has the system function H(z) =(1-z-1)/T. Thus the relation between s-domain and z-domain is given as
s=(1-z-1)/T.
4. What is the second difference that is used to replace the second order derivate of y(t)?
A. [y(n)-2y(n-1)+y(n-2)]/T
B. [y(n)-2y(n-1)+y(n-2)]/T2
C. [y(n)+2y(n-1)+y(n-2)]/T
D. [y(n)+2y(n-1)+y(n-2)]/T2
Answer: B
Clarification: We know that dy(t)/dt =[ y(n)-y(n-1)]/T
Second order derivative of y(t) is d(dy(t)/dt)/dt=[y(n)-2y(n-1)+y(n-2)]/T2.
5. Which of the following in z-domain is equal to s-domain of second order derivate?
A. ((frac{1-z^{-1}}{T})^2)
B. ((frac{1+z^{-1}}{T})^2)
C. ((frac{1+z^{-1}}{T})^{-2})
D. None of the mentioned
Clarification: We know that for a second order derivative
d2y(t)/dt2=[y(n)-2y(n-1)+y(n-2)]/T2
=>s2 = (frac{1-2z^{-1}+z^{-2}}{T^2} = (frac{1-z^{-1}}{T})^2)
6. If s=jΩ and if Ω varies from -∞ to ∞, then what is the corresponding locus of points in z-plane?
A. Circle of radius 1 with centre at z=0
B. Circle of radius 1 with centre at z=1
C. Circle of radius 1/2 with centre at z=1/2
D. Circle of radius 1 with centre at z=1/2
Answer: C
Clarification: We know that
s=(1-z-1)/T
=> z=1/(1-sT)
Given s= jΩ => z = 1/(1- jΩT)
Thus from the above equation if Ω varies from -∞ to ∞, then the corresponding locus of points in z-plane is a circle of radius 1/2 with centre at z=1/2.
7. Which of the following mapping is true between s-plane and z-domain?
A. Points in LHP of the s-plane into points inside the circle in z-domain
B. Points in RHP of the s-plane into points outside the circle in z-domain
C. Points on imaginary axis of the s-plane into points onto the circle in z-domain
D. All of the mentioned
Answer: D
Clarification: The below diagram explains the given question