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Basic Civil Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on “Types of Irrigation”.
1. _________ is a form of overhead irrigation.
a) Centre Pivot irrigation
b) Sprinkler irrigation
c) Terraced irrigation
d) Drip irrigation
Answer: a
Clarification: In centre pivot irrigation, steel/Al pipes are joined together, supported by trusses and mounted on wheeled towers.
2. Inundation irrigation system is functional all through the year.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Inundation canal gets water which flows from a flooded river only. These are then discharged into the fields. Only if rivers are flooded (rainy season), these are functional.
3. Surface irrigation is again subdivided into:
a) 2
b) 4
c) 3
d) 5
Answer: c
Clarification: The three types are furrow, border strip and basin irrigation. It is also called flood irrigation when the field is immersed in water completely.
4. Tank water irrigation system is common in:
a) Madhya Pradesh
b) Uttar Pradesh
c) Himachal Pradesh
d) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: d
Clarification: In Southern states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu; rain water harvesting and storage of water is done using tanks. The water is then fed to fields via a canal.
5. The field water efficiency of trickle irrigation is:
a) 50-55%
b) 55-85%
c) 80-90%
d) 60-70%
Answer: c
Clarification: Drip irrigation is also called trickle irrigation. If this system is managed correctly, the field water efficiency can be as high as 80-90%.
6. Sub-irrigation is used in areas with:
a) Low water table
b) High water table
c) Sloping terrain
d) Flat terrain
Answer: b
Clarification: Sub-irrigation is a method of artificially raising water table to allow the soil to be moistened from below plant’s root zone. It is also used in commercial greenhouse production.
7. Water for irrigation can come from ____________ sources.
a) 3
b) 2
c) 4
d) 5
Answer: a
Clarification: The sources of water for irrigation can be ground water, surface water and non-conventional sources. The non-conventional sources are treated wastewater, drainage water, fog collection, etc.
8. Fertigation is a process in ___________ irrigation.
a) Sprinkler
b) Surface
c) Drip
d) Centre pivot
Answer: c
Clarification: In drip irrigation nowadays, a plastic mulch is incorporated which reduces evaporation and is a means of delivering fertilizers. Hence, the process fertigation.
9. The field water efficiency is determined by:
a) Water transpired by crop – water applied to a field
b) (Water absorbed by crop ÷ water applied to a field) x 100%
c) Water absorbed by crop – water applied to a field
d) (Water transpired by crop ÷ water applied to a field) x 100%
Answer: d
Clarification: The field water efficiency is the way to determine if the method of irrigation is efficient. It is determined by using the formula (water transpired by crop ÷ water applied to a field) x 100%. It is expressed in %.
10. Spate irrigation is a special form of irrigation using surface water.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: It is also called flood water harvesting. In this case, water is diverted to normally dry river beds using a network of dams, gates and channels and are spread over large areas.
11. Micro-irrigation is also called:
a) Nano-irrigation
b) Petite irrigation
c) Localized irrigation
d) Flood irrigation
Answer: c
Clarification: It is a system where water is distributed under low pressure through the piped network in a pre-determined pattern and applied to each plant. Hence, it is called localized irrigation.
12. Tube wells are not used in:
a) UP
b) Haryana
c) Gujarat
d) Rajasthan
Answer: d
Clarification: In Rajasthan and Maharashtra artesian wells are used. Tube well can be installed near agricultural land. A deep tube well, worked by electricity can irrigate a large area.
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