Vector Biology Questions and Answers for Campus interviews focuses on “Vectors and Cloning in Gram – Positive Bacteria – 5”.
1. Before cloning in a P-MUTIN vector, the target gene is __________
A. Amplified
B. Mitigated
A. Dispersed
D. Restricted
Answer: A
Clarification: An internal fragment of the target gene is amplified by the PCR and cloned in a P-MUTIN vector and the resulting plasmid is used to transform B. subtilis.
2. Upon integration into the B. subtilis vector, the target gene is __________
A. Inactivated
B. Interrupted
A. Activated
D. Excised
Answer: B
Clarification: Upon integration, the target gene is interrupted and a transcriptional fusion is generated between its promoter and the reporter lacZ gene.
3. In the process of cloning with a B. subtilis vector, _________ mutants are simultaneously generated.
A. 1
B. 2
A. 3
D. 4
Answer: B
Clarification: The process generates two types of mutants: an absolute mutation in orf2 through inactivation, and a conditional mutation in orf3, which can be relieved by induction with IPTG.
4. The two mutants generated during the process of cloning are null mutation and ________ mutation.
A. Combinational
B. Conventional
A. Conditional
D. Rational
Answer: C
Clarification: The process generates two types of mutants: an absolute mutation in orf2 through inactivation, and a conditional mutation in orf3, which can be relieved by induction with IPTG.
5. ________ is used to relieve the production of mutants in B. subtilis.
A. Lactose
B. Nisin
A. Galactose
D. IPTG
Answer: D
Clarification: The process generates two types of mutants: an absolute mutation in orf2 through inactivation, and a conditional mutation in orf3, which can be relieved by induction with IPTG.
6. When B. subtilis is transformed, ordered assembly of ________ genes is facilitated.
A. Scarce
B. Regular
A. Dispersed
D. Interspersed
Answer: C
Clarification: The mechanism whereby B. subtilis is transformed with plasmid DNA facilitates the ordered assembly of dispersed genes.
7. To form a circular plasmid for dispersed genes, intramolecular ___________ is required.
A. Attraction
B. Distraction
A. Ligation
D. Restriction
Answer: C
Clarification: When different gene segments are assembled in a linear order then it is necessary to undertake intermolecular ligation. To form a circular plasmid requires intramolecular ligation.
8. What is RF?
A. Plasmid
B. Coliphage
A. Replicative form
D. Hybrid vector
Answer: C
Clarification: The capsid proteins enter the cytoplasmic membrane as the viral DNA passes into the cell while being converted to a double-stranded replicative form.
9. The RF multiplies ________
A. Slowly
B. Rapidly
A. Moderately
D. Does not multiply
Answer: B
Clarification: The capsid proteins enter the cytoplasmic membrane as the viral DNA passes into the cell while being converted to a double-stranded replicative form. RF replicates rapidly.
10. What happens following the morphogenesis of the cell?
A. Progeny strands release
B. DNA replication
A. Host lysis
D. Degradation
Answer: A
Clarification: The progeny single strands are synthesized and released from the cell as filamentous particles the following morphogenesis at the cell membrane.
11. Dominant selectable markers can be used with __________
A. Any cell type
B. Mutant cells
A. Wild-type cells
D. Recombinant cells
Answer: A
Clarification: Endogenous markers are largely superseded by so-called dominant selectable markers, which confer a phenotype that is entirely novel to the cell and can hence be used in any cell type.
12. What are dominant selectable markers?
A. Drug-resistance genes
B. Inducing genes
A. Exogenous genes
D. Endogenous genes
Answer: A
Clarification: The dominant selectable markers are usually drug-resistance genes of bacterial origin and transformed cell is selected on a medium that contains the drug at an appropriate concentration.
13. Methotrexate is an analog of __________
A. Aminopterin
B. Kanamycin
A. Folic acid
D. Gentamycin
Answer: C
Clarification: Methotrexate is a folic acid analog, which is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).
14. With respect to mammalian cell cloning, salmon sperm DNA can serve as a source of ____________
A. Non-specific carrier
B. Specific carrier
A. Genomic DNA
D. Plasmid DNA
Answer: A
Clarification: Calcium phosphate transfection is mostly used and the specific donor DNA is often bulked with a non-specific carrier such as cleaved Salmon sperm.
15. One application in which the use of plasmid vectors is critical, in the case of mammals is ____________
A. Stable transformation
B. Transient transformation
A. Transfection
D. Transduction
Answer: B
Clarification: One application in which the use of plasmid vectors is critical, in the case of mammals is transient transformation. Here the goal is to exploit the short-term persistence of extrachromosomal DNA.
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