Biology Multiple Choice Questions on “Plants Respiration – Fermentation”.
1. Which of the following are the end products of the complete combustion of glucose?
a) CO2 and starch
b) Fructose and lactose
c) H2O and mannose
d) CO2 and H2O
Answer: d
Clarification: The complete combustion of glucose, which produces CO2 and H2O as end products, yields energy most of which is given out as heat. If this energy is to be useful to the cell, it should be able to utilise it to synthesise other molecules that the cell requires.
2. What is the strategy of the plants to oxidise glucose?
a) Oxidise glucose in several large steps
b) Oxidise glucose in several small steps
c) Reduce glucose in several large steps
d) Reduce glucose in several small steps
Answer: b
Clarification: The strategy that the plant cell uses is to catabolise the glucose molecule in such a way that not all the liberated energy goes out as heat. The key is to oxidise glucose, not in one step but several small steps.
3. During the process of respiration, which of the following is not released?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Water
c) Oxygen
d) Energy
Answer: c
Clarification: During the process of respiration, oxygen is utilised and carbon-dioxide, water and energy are released as products. The combustion reaction requires oxygen.
4. What was the kind of atmosphere where the first cells on this planet lived?
a) Reducing
b) Oxidising
c) No atmosphere
d) Gold was present
Answer: a
Clarification: The first cells on this planet lived in an atmosphere that lacked oxygen. Even among present-day living organisms, we know of several organisms that are adapted to anaerobic conditions.
5. What is the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid known as?
a) Respiration
b) Glycolysis
c) Combustion
d) Hydrolysis
Answer: b
Clarification: In any case, all living organisms retain the enzymatic machinery to partially oxidise glucose without the help of oxygen. This breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid is called glycolysis.
6. Glycolysis is also called an EMP pathway.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The scheme of glycolysis was given by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof and J. Parnas and therefore is often referred to as the EMP pathway. The term glycolysis has originated from the Greek words meaning splitting of sugar.
7. Where does glycolysis take place?
a) Cytoplasm
b) Mitochondrial matrix
c) Plasma membrane
d) Inner mitochondrial membrane
Answer: a
Clarification: Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and is present in all the living organisms. In anaerobic organisms, it is the only process in respiration.
8. Who discovered fermentation?
a) Gay Lussac
b) Louis Pasteur
c) Kepler
d) Ernst Haeckel
Answer: b
Clarification: Fermentation was discovered by Louis Pasteur. It is incomplete oxidation of glucose which is achieved under anaerobic conditions. It takes place in many prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes.
9. What are the final products of fermentation?
a) CO2 and H2O
b) CO2 and methanol
c) H2O and ethanol
d) CO2 and ethanol