Fundamentals of Ethics Multiple Choice Questions
1. McDougall defines ‘instinct’ as an ———– psycho physical disposition
A. unnatural
B. inherited
C. acquired
D. none of these
Answer: B. inherited
2. Axiology is the science of ——–
A. values
B. beauty
C. science
D. beauty
Answer: A. values
3. In ordinary language desire and ——— are synonymous
A. self-satisfaction
B. good
C. beauty
D. wish
Answer: D. wish
4. ———– is not a positive science
A. physics
B. zoology
C. ethics
D. sociology
Answer: C. ethics
5. ——— is a representative of emotivism
A. kant
B. j s mill
C. a j ayer
D. descartes
Answer: C. a jayer
6. ——- is a postulate of morality
A. law of excluded middle
B. immortality of the soul
C. law of identity
D. none of these
Answer: B. immortality of the soul
7. According to psychological hedonism ———– is the only object at which we aim
A. pleasure
B. good
C. utility
D. perfection
Answer: A. pleasure
8. ——— is the criterion of good according to pragmatists
A. intuition
B. desire
C. workability
D. duty
Answer: C. workability
9. Killing is a wrong action for ever ‘ This assertion is based on —–
A. deontological theory
B. relative theory
C. consequentialist theory
D. none of these
Answer: A. deontological theory
10. The permanent bent of mind constituted by the settled habits of will is termed as
A. wish
B. character
C. conduct
D. will
Answer: B. character
11. The view that all our actions are determined by some unseen forces or super natural powers is —-
A. fatalism
B. indeterminism
C. self determinism
D. none of these
Answer: A. fatalism
12. Utilitarianism is also called —— hedonism.
A. egoistic
B. universalistic
C. analytic
D. none of these
Answer: B. universalistic
13. The etymological meaning of the term Dharma is
A. what sustains
B. union
C. morality
D. none of these
Answer: A. what sustains
14. Who among the following is an advocate of Utilitarianism
A. hegel
B. kant
C. spinoza
D. bentham
Answer: D. bentham
15. —— is not a pragmatist
A. f.h.bradley
B. john dewey
C. c.s.peirce
D. f c s schiller
Answer: A. f.h.bradley
16. Following is not a Professional characteristics:
A. Competition
B. Character
C. Competency
D. Compensation
Answer: A. Competition
17. —– is the Governing Purushartha
A. dharma
B. artha
C. kama
D. none of these
Answer: A. dharma
18. —– is the proponent of qualitative utilitarianism
A. bentham
B. kant
C. j.s.mill
D. none of these
Answer: C. j.s.mill
19. Aparigraha means
A. non killing
B. non possession
C. non stealing
D. none of these
Answer: B. non possession
20. Identifying ethical properties with natural properties is ——— fallacy
A. subjectivistic
B. objectivistic
C. naturalistic
D. none of these
Answer: C. naturalistic
21. Kama literally means
A. desire
B. freedom
C. sex
D. none of these
Answer: A. desire
22. Transmigration of the soul is associated with
A. virtue ethic
B. karma doctrine
C. custom
D. none of these
Answer: B. karma doctrine
23. Anuvratas are the —– vows
A. neutral
B. lesser
C. higher
D. stronger
Answer: B. lesser
24. ‘My station and its duties’ is the concept of ———
A. hegel
B. f h bradley
C. moore
D. ross
Answer: B. f h bradley
25. Purushartha of —— is directly related to material life
A. moksha
B. artha
C. kama
D. brahmacharya
Answer: C. kama
26. According to Hindu ethics wealth satisfies our ——
A. material needs
B. economical needs
C. biological needs
D. none of these
Answer: C. biological needs
27. Gita teaches ——–
A. karma yoga
B. bhakti yoga
C. jnana yoga
D. all of these
Answer: D. all of these
28. ——- believe in the law of Karma
A. hinduism
B. buddhism
C. jainism
D. all of these
Answer: D. all of these
29. The process of making a choice when there are different desires
A. wish
B. will
C. deliberation
D. none of these
Answer: A. wish
30. According to Buddhism ——— is the means to the cessation of suffering
A. astanga marga
B. karma
C. bhakti
D. none of these
Answer: A. astanga marga
31. When the wish is actually carried out , it becomes ———-
A. will
B. desire
C. choice
D. deliberation
Answer: A. will
32. Rights and Duties define the ethical duties of the ———
A. individual
B. citizen
C. ministers
D. president
Answer: B. citizen
33. Ethical skepticism is the position of ———
A. hegel
B. hume
C. j s mill
D. carnap
Answer: D. carnap
34. ——— is the normative description of human conduct
A. psychology
B. ethics
C. philosophy
D. sociology
Answer: B. ethics
35. The subject matter of ethics is ________.
A. Human conduct
B. Ultimate truth
C. Knowledge
D. Reality
Answer: A. Human conduct
36. The Greek term from which _________ is derived means ‘custom or ‘habit’.
A. Morality
B. Psychology
C. Education
D. Ethics
Answer: D. Ethics
37. The word ‘Ethics’ is derived from the Greek adjective …………
A. ethica
B. mores
C. rectus
D. psych
Answer: A. ethica
38. Ethics deals with the “____________ of human beings living in societies.”
A. Conduct
B. Duties
C. Rights
D. Desires
Answer: A. Conduct
39. The term ‘Right’ is derived from the Latin word rectus, meaning:
A. ‘Straight’ or ‘according to rule’
B. Habits or customs
C. Supreme end
D. Ideal in life
Answer: A. ‘Straight’ or ‘according to rule’
40. ‘First Philosophy’ refers to:
A. Aesthetics
B. Metaphysics
C. Epistemology
D. Ethics
Answer: D. Ethics
41. Which among the following is wrong definition of Ethics?
A. Ethics is the science of customs and habits of men
B. Ethics is the science of character and conduct of animals
C. Ethics is the science of rightness and wrongness of human conduct
D. Ethics is the science of the highest end or purpose of human life.
Answer: B. Ethics is the science of character and conduct of animals
42. Which Ideal is concerned with Ethics?
A. Truth
B. Beauty
C. Good
D. Spirituality
Answer: C. Good
43. Which aspect of our conscious life dealt with Ethics
A. Knowing
B. Feeling
C. Willing
D. Dreaming
Answer: C. Willing
44. Ethics as a normative science deals with the __________ of human conduct.
A. ideas
B. standards
C. betterment
D. emotions
Answer: B. standards
45. Which among the following is the correct statement
A. Ethics is a Practical Science
B. Ethics is a Positive Science
C. Ethics is an Art
D. Ethics is a Normative Science
Answer: D. Ethics is a Normative Science
46. Which among the following is the wrong statement
A. Ethics is not Positive Science
B. Ethics is not Normative Science
C. Ethics is not a Practical Science
D. Ethics is not an Art
Answer: B. Ethics is not Normative Science
47. A _________ teaches us to know how to do.
A. Positive science
B. Normative science
C. Practical Science
D. Natural Science
Answer: C. Practical Science
48. Which among is the following is the correct statement
A. Ethics is a theoretical science
B. Ethics is a practical Science
C. Ethics is an art
D. Ethics is the study of actions of animals
Answer: A. Ethics is a theoretical science
49. Ethics is:
A. a part of Science
B. a part of Philosophy
C. a part of Psychology
D. a part of Art
Answer: B. a part of Philosophy
50. Normative science deals with:
A. Facts
B. Values
C. Nature
D. what is
Answer: B. Values
51. Positive science deals with:
A. Facts
B. Values
C. Good
D. what ought to be
Answer: A. Facts
52. Example for Positive science
A. Ethics
B. Logic
C. Aesthetics
D. None of these
Answer: D. None of these
53. ______ may be defined as a systematic and more or less complete body of knowledge about a particular set of related events or objects.
A. Science
B. Art
C. Ethics
D. Epistemology
Answer: A. Science
54. Positive science
A. Describes the objects or phenomena
B. Judging the objects or phenomena
C. Both a and b
D. Neither a nor b
Answer: A. Describes the objects or phenomena
55. Which among the following is the wrong statement
A. Normative sciences seek to determine Norms, Ideals, or Standards
B. Normative sciences are concerned with actual facts or their laws
C. Normative sciences are concerned with norms which regulate human life
D. Normative sciences are not systematic explanation of the causes and effects of
Answer: B. Normative sciences are concerned with actual facts or their laws
56. Which among the following action is objects of moral judgment
A. Voluntary and habitual actions of rational persons
B. The actions of animals and phenomena of nature
C. Actions of children, insane persons and idiots
D. Actions done under coercion
Answer: A. Voluntary and habitual actions of rational persons
57. Ethics is deals with:
A. Voluntary Actions
B. Involuntary Actions
C. Non-Habitual Actions
D. Instinct Actions
Answer: A. Voluntary Actions
58. Find out an Ethical question:
A. What type of diet allows for the best athletic performance?
B. What is the most appropriate way to worship?
C. Is killing a murderer justified?
D. Are same-sex marriages constitutional?
Answer: C. Is killing a murderer justified?
59. Ethics deals with:
A. What is
B. what ought to be
C. both a and b
D. neither a nor b
Answer: B. what ought to be
60. ______ tells us how we actually will.
A. Philosophy
B. Ethics
C. Psychology
D. Logic
Answer: C. Psychology
61. _________ teaches us how we ought to will
A. Ethics
B. Psychology
C. Logic
D. both a and b
Answer: A. Ethics
62. Psychology is a _____________ science
A. Normative
B. Positive
C. Ideal
D. Metaphysical
Answer: B. Positive
63. ___________ is a science of actual
A. Psychology
B. Ethics
C. Logic
D. Aesthetics
Answer: A. Psychology
64. Which among the following mental process deals with psychology
A. Knowing
B. Feeling
C. Willing
D. All of these
Answer: D. All of these
65. The outstanding form of moral action
4
A. Ideo-motor action
B. Desire
C. Unconscious mental tendencies
D. Sense of duty
Answer: D. Sense of duty
66. A craving of an agent for the attainment of an object to relieve some want is:
A. Will
B. Desire
C. Motive
D. Intension
Answer: B. Desire
67. It is a state of tension between the actual state of the self and the idea of a future state
not yet realized:
A. Desire
B. Motive
C. Wish
D. Will
Answer: A. Desire
68. A dominant desire is called
A. Wish
B. Will
C. Motive
D. Habit
Answer: A. Wish
69. ——– is an effective desire
A. Will
B. wish
C. Motive
D. Conduct
Answer: B. wish
70. _________ induces us to act in a certain way.
A. Wish
B. Motive
C. Will
D. Desire
Answer: B. Motive
71. The process of making a choice when there are different desires is called:
A. Desire
B. Willing
C. Deliberation
D. Wish
Answer: B. Willing
72. The essential mark of _______ is that the whole character or personality is involved in
the act
A. Willing
B. Desire
C. Deliberation
D. Wish
Answer: A. Willing
73. A philosophical term of art for a particular sort of capacity of rational agents to choose
a course of action from among various alternatives:
A. Free will
B. Moral responsibility
C. Character
D. Conduct
Answer: A. Free will
74. If human actions are completely determined by _________, it is not free will.
A. reason
B. moral imperative
C. circumstances
D. All these
Answer: C. circumstances
75. The force of will leads to _________.
A. Action
B. inaction
C. result
D. wish
Answer: A. Action
76. Who is the advocator of ‘freedom of will’
A. David Hume
B. J.S.Mill
C. Kant
D. None of these
Answer: C. Kant
77. ‘Character’ refers to the complete system constituted by the acts of ____ of a
particular kind.
A. wish
B. desire
C. intention
D. will
Answer: D. will
78. Collective name for voluntary actions
A. Conduct
B. Desire
C. Wish
D. Good
Answer: A. Conduct
79. What constitute conduct
A. Purpose
B. Choice
C. Both a and b
D. Neither a and b
Answer: C. Both a and b
80. ———- is outer expression of character
A. Will
B. Wish
C. Desire
D. Conduct
Answer: D. Conduct
81. The permanent bent of the mind, constituted by the ‘settled habits of will’ is:
A. Conduct
B. Desire
C. Character
D. Wish
Answer: C. Character
82. ___________ is a formed habit.
A. Custom
B. Desire
C. Wish
D. Character
Answer: D. Character
83. Character is built up by a person out of his natural tendencies and dispositions by
controlling and regulating them by ___
A. Passion
B. emotions
C. reason
D. Desire
Answer: C. reason
84. _______ is the acquired habit of controlling the natural instincts and impulses in order
to realize definitely conceived ends.
A. Character
B. Conduct
C. Wish
D. Desire
Answer: A. Character
85. Pleasure/pain is the norm of moral evaluation in __________.
A. Intuitionism
B. Virtue ethics
C. Hedonism
D. All these
Answer: C. Hedonism
86. “Men always do seek pleasure”. This position is called __________ hedonism.
A. Psychological
B. ethical
C. egoistic
D. universalistic
Answer: A. Psychological
87. Universalistic hedonism is also called ___________ .
A. ethical hedonism
B. psychological hedonism
C. utilitarianism
D. egoistic hedonism
Answer: C. utilitarianism
88. Ethical hedonism is the view that human beings ___________ seek pleasure.
A. always do
B. ought to
C. shall not
D. ought not
Answer: B. ought to
89. ___________ hedonism refers to the pleasure of each individual.
A. Egoistic
B. Psychological
C. Universalistic
D. none of these
Answer: A. Egoistic
90. ___________ hedonism refers to the pleasure of all human beings.
A. psychological
B. egoistic
C. ethical
D. universalistic
Answer: D. universalistic
91. The ethics of __________ is precisely termed utilitarianism.
A. Kant
B. Spencer
C. J. S. Mill
D. T. H. Green
Answer: C. J. S. Mill
92. Both Bentham and Mill share the __________ principle of morality.
A. pleasure
B. evolutionist
C. both (aand (b)
D. neither (anor (b)
Answer: A. pleasure
93. According to hedonists, pleasure is the only thing that is ____________.
A. possible
B. avoidable
C. visible
D. desirable
Answer: D. desirable
94. According to Hedonism, hedoneor —— is the ultimate standard of morality
A. Pleasure
B. Will
C. Good will
D. reason
Answer: A. Pleasure
95. __________ hedonism holds that pleasure is the natural and normal object of desire,
that we always seek pleasure and avoid pain
A. Ethical
B. Egoistic
C. Psychological
D. Altruistic
Answer: C. Psychological
96. ________hedonism holds that pleasure is the proper object of desire; that we do not
always seek pleasure but ought to seek pleasure.
A. Ethical
B. Egoistic
C. Psychological
D. Altruistic
Answer: A. Ethical
97. According to _____ hedonism the pleasure of the individual is the moral standard
A. Ethical
B. Psychological
C. Egoistic
D. Altruistic
Answer: C. Egoistic
98. According to __________ hedonism the greatest happiness of the greatest number or
general happiness is the moral standard.
A. Ethical
B. Psychological
C. Egoistic
D. Altruistic
Answer: D. Altruistic
99. According to_________ hedonism, all pleasures are alike in kind they differ only in
intensity or degree; there is no qualitative difference among them.
A. Altruistic
B. Egoistic
C. Gross Egoistic
D. Refined Egoistic
Answer: C. Gross Egoistic
100. The theory that what we ought to aim at is the greatest possible amount of pleasure of
all human beings, or of all sentient creatures.
A. Utilitarianism
B. Perfectionism
C. Egoistic Hedonism
D. Humanitarianism
Answer: A. Utilitarianism
101. Who is the advocate of quantitative utilitarianism
A. J.S.Mill
B. Jermey Bentham
C. Immanual Kant
D. F. H. Bradley
Answer: B. Jermey Bentham
102. Who is the advocate of qualitative utilitarianism
A. J.S.Mill
B. Jermey Bentham
C. Immanual Kant
D. F. H. Bradley
Answer: A. J.S.Mill
103. Who is the advocate of Utilitarianism:
A. Jermey Bentham
B. J.S. Mill
C. Immanual Kant
D. both a and b
Answer: D. both a and b
104. Bentham holds that the only standard of valuation of pleasures in:
A. Quanlitative
B. Quantitative
C. both a and b
D. neither a nor b
Answer: B. Quantitative
105. Who wrote Utilitarianism
A. Immanuel Kant
B. Jeremy Bentham
C. J.S.Mill
D. F. H. Bradley
Answer: C. J.S.Mill
106. According to Mill pleasures differ from one another in ____
A. Quantity
B. Quality
C. Utility
D. time
Answer: B. Quality
107. According to Bentham a pleasure is pure when:
A. It is free from pain
B. It is mixed with pain
C. It gives rise to a number of other pleasures
D. It is preferable to barren pleasure
Answer: A. It is free from pain
108. Bentham by introducing —– as a dimension of pleasure introduced altruism into his
doctrine.
A. Intensity
B. proximity
C. Extent
D. Fecundity
Answer: C. Extent
109. The higher quality pleasure according to Mill
A. Bodily pleasure
B. Intellectual pleasure
C. Sensual pleasure
D. Animal pleasure
Answer: B. Intellectual pleasure
110. Mill’s utilitarianism is known as:
A. Gross Utilitarianism
B. Quantitative Utilitarianism
C. Refined Utilitarianism
D. Psychological Hedonism
Answer: C. Refined Utilitarianism
111. Mill’s Internal sanction of consciousness is
A. Sympathy
B. Fellow-feeling
C. Social feeling of mankind
D. All of these
Answer: D. All of these
112. Bentham recognizes moral obligation to pursue general happiness by
A. The external sanctions only
B. The internal sanction only
C. Both the external sanctions and internal sanctions of consciousness
D. Neither external nor internal sanctions
Answer: A. The external sanctions only
113. The only thing that is good without qualification or restriction is a _________
A. Good will
B. Imperative
C. Categorical Imperative
D. Hypothetical Imperative
Answer: A. Good will
114. Who’s work is Critique of Practical Reason:
A. Immanuel Kant
B. Jeremy Bentham
C. J.S. Mill
D. F. H. Bradley
Answer: A. Immanuel Kant
115. Kant’s ethical theory is:
A. Ontological
B. Deontological
C. Utilitarian
D. Hedonic
Answer: B. Deontological
116. Which among the following is NOT Kant’s work
A. Critique of Pure Reason
B. Critique of Practical Reason
C. Ground work of the Metaphysics of Morals
D. OnLiberty
Answer: D. OnLiberty
117. It is wrong to break a promise because as a moral law it cannot be universalized. This
illustrates the ethical position of _____________.
A. Kant
B. J. S. Mill
C. Bentham
D. Spencer
Answer: A. Kant
118. According to Kant, moral imperative is ___________.
A. evolutionary
B. hypothetical
C. categorical
D. all these
Answer: C. categorical
119. Kant accepted ________ as the final authority in moral life.
A. pleasure
B. reason
C. freedom
D. pain
Answer: B. reason
120. In which book Kant established the dignity of the moral law and makes the ethical life
fundamental in Philosophy
A. Critique of Pure Reason
B. Critique of Practical Reason
C. Critique of Judgment
D. Both a and c
Answer: B. Critique of Practical Reason
121. Kant says “The only thing that is good in itself without qualification or restriction is a:
A. Good will
B. Categorical Imperative
C. Hypothetical Imperative
D. Moral law
Answer: A. Good will
122. A —— imperative is always unconditional
A. Categorical
B. Hypothetical
C. both a and b
D. Neither A nor B
Answer: A. Categorical
123. Kant is an advocate of
A. Teleological ethics
B. ontological ethics
C. Jural ethics
D. Utilitarian Ethics
Answer: C. Jural ethics
124. The moral law is:
A. Categorical Imperative
B. Hypothetical Imperative
C. Disjunctive
D. All of these
Answer: A. Categorical Imperative
125. The laws which are means to other ends are of the nature of ______ imperative
A. Moral
B. Categorical
C. Hypothetical
D. Good
Answer: C. Hypothetical
126. Which among the following is NOT a Hypothetical Imperative:
A. Laws of Hygiene
B. Economic Laws
C. Moral Laws
D. Legal Laws
Answer: C. Moral Laws
127. Kant says: “ There is nothing in the world, or even out of it, that can be called good
without qualification, except a ——-
A. GoodWill
B. Categorical Imperative
C. Hypothetical Imperative
D. Law
Answer: A. GoodWill
128. Pick up the wrong answer. The Good will is:
A. the only good
B. Unconditional good
C. Good in itself
D. actuated by inclination
Answer: D. actuated by inclination
129. According to Kant, the will is ———— when it acts solely from a sense of duty.
A. Autonomous
B. Heteronomous
C. Actuated by inclination
D. Teleological
Answer: A. Autonomous
130. According to Kant, it is wrong to break a promise, because
A. This act cannot be universalized
B. Because you will go to jail
C. Cheating is not acceptable
D. It adverselyaffects on trust
Answer: A. This act cannot be universalized
131. Kant’s which maxim shows that ‘None should enslave himself or others’
A. First
B. Second
C. Third
D. Fourth
Answer: B. Second
132. Kant’s second maxim shows:
A. Treat personality as of absolute worth
B. A person is an end in himself, and not a means
C. The rational nature which constitutes humanity should be respected.
D. All of these
Answer: D. All of these
133. According to Kant to commit suicide is wrong, because:
A. It will lead to the annihilation of human life if it is universalized.
B. The person treating himself as a means to the removal of the disgust of life
C. He is not regarding himself as an end
D. All of these.
Answer: D. All of these.
134. Kant’s third maxim says:
A. Act as a member of a kingdom of ends
B. Respect for the dignity of persons
C. What is right is universal
D. Treat personality as of absolute worth
Answer: A. Act as a member of a kingdom of ends
135. Which among the following is NOT a Postulates of Morality
A. Freedom of the Will
B. Immortality of the Soul
C. Mortality of the Soul
D. Existence of God
Answer: C. Mortality of the Soul
136. Kant says, we are autonomous when we act according to
A. Duty
B. Feeling
C. Pleasure
D. inclination
Answer: A. Duty
137. In the opinion of Kant, a right action should satisfy
A. It should conform to the moral law revealed by reason
B. The agent should perform it out of pure respect for the moral law.
C. The moral law has reference to any external ends.
D. Both a and b
Answer: D. Both a and b
138. According to perfectionism the highest good is:
A. Self-realization
B. Self –control
C. Self –knowledge
D. Self-sacrifice
Answer: A. Self-realization
139. Who holds that each person has a place and function in the human society in
accordance with his talents?
A. F. H. Bradley
B. Immanual Kant
C. J.S. Mill
D. Bentham
Answer: A. F. H. Bradley
140. Self –realization means:
A. Realization of the relational self
B. Realization of the sentient self
C. Realization of good self as well as realization of bad self
D. Both a and b
Answer: A. Realization of the relational self
141. Self –realization means:
A. The development of personality
B. Actualization of immense potentialities of the self
C. Both a and b
D. Self-gratification
Answer: C. Both a and b
142. Who’s concept is “ My Station and its Duties”
A. Aristolte
B. Bradley
C. Immanual Kant
D. Buddha
Answer: B. Bradley
143. The duty to the self includes
A. Intellectualduty
B. Duties to the Family
C. Duty to pray to God
D. Duty to take care of domestic animals
Answer: A. Intellectualduty
144. According to Bradley the Supreme Duty is:
A. Duties to Self
B. Duties to Others
C. Duties to God
D. Self- realization
Answer: D. Self- realization
145. Who wrote EthicalStudies:
A. Aristotle
B. Immanuel Kant
C. F.H. Bradley
D. J.S. Mill
Answer: C. F.H. Bradley
146. Who authored Appearance and Reality
A. Bradley
B. Kant
C. Buddha
D. Mill
Answer: A. Bradley
147. F.H. Bradley is a ———- philosopher
A. Materialist
B. Idealist
C. Spiritualist
D. Naturalist
Answer: B. Idealist
148. Who authored Republic
A. Plato
B. Aristotle
C. Kant
D. Mill
Answer: A. Plato
149. “Virtue is Knowledge” related with:
A. Kant
B. Socrates
C. Plato
D. Aristotle
Answer: B. Socrates
150. The Greeks used the term Eudaemonia in the sense of
A. Pleasure
B. Happiness
C. Prosperity
D. None of these
Answer: B. Happiness
151. ——— is the special virtue of the ruling class.
A. Justice
B. Courage
C. Wisdom
D. Temperance
Answer: C. Wisdom
152. Temperance is the special virtue of the ——–
A. Ruling Class
B. Traders
C. Kings
D. Soldiers
Answer: B. Traders
153. ______ is the power of resisting the fear of pain and temptation of pleasure.
A. Wisdom
B. Justice
C. Courage
D. Temperance
Answer: C. Courage
154. ________is the harmonious functioning of intellect, emotion and desire under
the guidance of reason.
A. Justice
B. Wisdom
C. Courage
D. Temperance
Answer: A. Justice
155. Wisdom is the virtue of the ________ part of the soul
A. Rational
B. Emotional
C. Obedience
D. Hereditary
Answer: A. Rational
156. Courage is the virtue of the ——- part of the soul
A. Rational
B. Emotional
C. Obedience
D. hereditary
Answer: B. Emotional
157. Cardinal virtue of Plato
A. Love
B. Friendliness
C. Temperance
D. Truthfulness
Answer: C. Temperance
158. Which is not a cardinal virtue:
A. Wisdom
B. Courage
C. Temperance
D. Goodness
Answer: D. Goodness
159. __________ comprehends all cardinal virtues:
A. Wisdom
B. Courage
C. Temperance
D. Justice
Answer: D. Justice
160. The ethical theory of Aristotle is popularly known as:
A. NicomacheanEthics
B. Deontological Ethics
C. Hedonism
D. Utilitarianism
Answer: A. NicomacheanEthics
161. Central concept of Aristotelian ethics and moral philosophy
A. Eudaimonia
B. Hedonism
C. Deontology
D. Utility
Answer: A. Eudaimonia
162. ‘Virtue is a permanent state of mind’ who holds this this view?
A. Kant
B. Mill
C. Aristotle
D. Socrates
Answer: C. Aristotle
163. For Aristotle what was the formal cause of the moral life?
A. Happiness
B. Virtue
C. Good will
D. All of these
Answer: B. Virtue
164. For Aristotle what was the final cause of the moral life?
A. Happiness
B. Virtue
C. Good will
D. None of these
Answer: A. Happiness
165. “Virtue is the habit of choosing the relative mean” Who holds this view?
A. Kant
B. Mill
C. Aristotle
D. Socrates
Answer: C. Aristotle
166. Who made the distinction between intellectual virtue and moral virtue?
A. Kant
B. Mill
C. Aristotle
D. Socrates
Answer: C. Aristotle
167. The aim of the punishment as per Deterrent theory:
A. To prevent or deter the offender from committing similar offence
B. To prevent or deter others from committing similar offence
C. Both a and b
D. Neither a nor b
Answer: B. To prevent or deter others from committing similar offence
168. Which theory of punishment, the offender is treated merely as a means to the
good of others.
A. Deterrent theory
B. Retributive theory
C. Reformative theory
D. Deontological theory
Answer: A. Deterrent theory
169. Which theory is against Capital Punishment
A. Deterrent
B. Retributive
C. Reformative
D. All of these
Answer: C. Reformative
170. The aim of punishment as per Reformative theory
A. To prevent others from committing similar offence
B. To educate or reform the offender himself
C. To allow man’s deeds to return on his own head
D. To punish people who resist reformation
Answer: B. To educate or reform the offender himself
171. The aim of punishment as per Retributive theory:
A. To prevent others from committing similar offences
B. To educate the offender himself
C. To allow man’s deeds to return on his own head
D. All of these
Answer: C. To allow man’s deeds to return on his own head
172. ——— theory of punishment is more humanitarian
A. Retributive
B. Reformative
C. Deterrent
D. a and b
Answer: B. Reformative
173. Which theory of punishment appears to justify the law of ‘an eye for an eye and
a tooth for a tooth’
A. Retributive theory
B. Reformative theory
C. Preventive theory
D. Both b and c
Answer: A. Retributive theory
174. Deterrent theory of punishment is:
A. Preventive
B. Reformative
C. Educative
D. all of these
Answer: A. Preventive
175. Retributive theory of punishment involves:
A. Education
B. Reformation
C. Revenge
D. Conversion
Answer: C. Revenge
176. Education is a practical means that corresponds to the —– theory of punishment
A. Deterrent
B. Retributive
C. Reformative
D. None of these
Answer: C. Reformative
177. Karma literally means
A. Joining
B. Duty
C. A deed
D. None of these
Answer: C. A deed
178. The term Svadharma means
A. Duty
B. One’s own nature
C. Duties of one’s own
D. A Deed
Answer: C. Duties of one’s own
179. The society was divided into four classes (varnas). They are:
A. Brahmacarya, Grahastya, Vanaprasta and Samnyasa
B. Brahmana, Ksatriya, Vaisya and Sudra
C. Wisdom, Courage ,Temperance and Justice
D. Elders, Children , Men and Women
Answer: B. Brahmana, Ksatriya, Vaisya and Sudra
180. Sva‐bhava stands for
A. One’s own duty
B. Satva,rajas&Tamas
C. One’s own nature
D. None of these
Answer: C. One’s own nature
181. The central teaching of the Gita is:
A. Niskamakarma
B. Jnana Yoga
C. Bhakti Yoga
D. Karma
Answer: A. Niskamakarma
182. The author of the Gita is:
A. Valmiki
B. Manu
C. Vyasa
D. Bharathan
Answer: C. Vyasa
183. There are three fundamental qualities or gunas which is present in every
individual. They are:
A. Sattva, Rajas and Tamas
B. Rupa, Rasa and Gandha
C. Earth, Water and Air
D. Love, Friendship and Goodness
Answer: A. Sattva, Rajas and Tamas
184. Whose doctrine is anticipated by the Gita conception of svadharma appropriate
to svabhaba.
A. Buddha
B. Bradley
C. Mill
D. Kant
Answer: B. Bradley
185. The duties of the individuals of the each varna is determined in accordance with:
A. Their birth
B. Guna
C. Their nature
D. strength
Answer: B. Guna
186. Which is Purushartha:
A. Wealth
B. Truth
C. Beauty
D. God
Answer: A. Wealth
187. Which Purusharthahas moral value:
A. Artha
B. Kama
C. Dharma
D. Moksha
Answer: C. Dharma
188. Which purushartha has Psychological value
A. Artha
B. Kama
C. Dharma
D. Moksha
Answer: B. Kama
189. _________ satisfies mental and emotional needs
A. Artha
B. Kama
C. Dharma
D. Mosha
Answer: B. Kama
190. ——— satisfies rational, social and moral needs.
A. Artha
B. Kama
C. Dharma
D. Mosha
Answer: C. Dharma
191. ———- are protecting people from external aggressions and internal
disturbances, chasing the wicked etc.
A. Brahmana
B. Kshatriya
C. Vaisya
D. Sudra
Answer: B. Kshatriya
192. Who should tend cattle, and carry on trade, agriculture, and commerce.
A. Brahmana
B. Kshatriya
C. Vaisya
D. Sudra
Answer: C. Vaisya
193. Brahmana should cultivate the virtue:
A. Spiritedness
B. tranquility
C. service
D. crafting
Answer: B. tranquility
194. The ________ is different vocational groups in accordance with their qualities.
A. Guna
B. caste
C. asrama
D. satva
Answer: B. caste
195. The duties obligatory on ________ are teaching, performance of ceremonial
sacrifice etc.
A. Brahmana
B. Kshatriya
C. Vaisya
D. Sudra
Answer: A. Brahmana
196. The five vows of the clergy in Jainism are called:
16
A. Maha-vrata
B. anu-vrata
C. vrata
D. Asteya
Answer: A. Maha-vrata
197. Not a Jainavrata:
A. Non-injury
B. Non-truthfulness
C. Non-stealing
D. Sex-restraint
Answer: B. Non-truthfulness
198. The clergy and the laity are organically related and the difference is only of
degree and not of kind in:
A. Buddhism
B. Jainism
C. Sikhism
D. Hinduism
Answer: B. Jainism
199. The five-fold vows (panchasila)
A. Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya and Aparigraha
B. Himsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya and Aparigraha
C. Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Yoga, Aparigraha
D. Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya, Grahasta
Answer: A. Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya and Aparigraha
200. Who ought to observe the great vows?
A. Clergy
B. Monks
C. laity
D. Children
Answer: B. Monks
201. Jainavratas corresponding the five restraints (yamaof the —– system.
A. Charvaka
B. Nyaya
C. Yoga
D. Advaita
Answer: C. Yoga
202. The three Jewels of Jainism:
A. Right Faith, Right Knowledge, Right Conduct
B. Right Faith, Right Knowledge, Right Devotion
C. Right Faith, Right Knowledge, Right Spirituality
D. Right Faith, Right Knowledge, Right Advice
Answer: A. Right Faith, Right Knowledge, Right Conduct
203. _____ is the keynote of the ethics of Buddhism.
A. Satya
B. Brahmacharya
C. Ahimsa
D. Aparigraha
Answer: C. Ahimsa
204. Buddha’s ethics is:
A. ascetic
B. hedonism
C. midway between hedonism and asceticism
D. inactivism
Answer: C. midway between hedonism and asceticism
205. ___ consists in abstention from killing, stealing, illegal sex indulgence, lying and
drinking liquor for laymen.
A. Right belief
B. Right Resolve
C. Right Conduct
D. Right Speech
Answer: C. Right Conduct
206. The primary right:
A. Right to live
B. Right to freedom
C. Right to property
D. Right to education
Answer: A. Right to live
207. The article guarantees equality before law.
A. Article 14
B. Article 15
C. Article 19
D. Article 21 A
Answer: A. Article 14
208. Pick up the wrong statement. The fundamental rights are:
A. Absolute
B. Not absolute
C. It can be enhanced
D. It can be removed
Answer: A. Absolute
209. Which is NOT a fundamental right as per Constitution of India
A. Right to Equality
B. Right to Freedom
C. Right to Property
D. Right to Freedom of Religion
Answer: C. Right to Property
210. The fundamental duties of the citizens were added to the Constitution by :
A. The 44th Amendment in 1978
B. The 42nd Amendment in 1976
C. The 86th Amendment in 2002
D. None of these
Answer: B. The 42nd Amendment in 1976
211. Which among the following is the duty of a citizen of India
A. To abide by the constitution and respect its ideal and institutions
B. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture
C. To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform
D. All of these
Answer: D. All of these
212. Fundamental duties are:
A. Enforceable by the Courts
B. Not enforceable by the Courts
C. Against patriotism
D. Based on individual liberty
Answer: B. Not enforceable by the Courts
213. The word was added by the 42nd Constitution Amendment
A. Sovereign
B. Socialist
C. Secular
D. Democratic
Answer: C. Secular
214. Which of the following word have not been written in the preamble of the Indian
Constitution
A. Sovereign
B. Socialist
C. Democratic
D. Indians
Answer: D. Indians
215. What thing does make ones’ life happy?
A. Bad thing
B. Better thing
C. Good thing
D. Best thing
Answer: C. Good thing
216. From which does the term ‘ethics’ origin?
A. Aletheia
B. Ethis
C. Mores
D. Ethos
Answer: D. Ethos
217. What is the material object of ethics?
A. Human conduct
B. Human intellect
C. Human senses
D. Human mind
Answer: A. Human conduct
218. What is the formal object of ethics?
A. To determine what type of conduct is better
B. To determine what type of conduct is right or wrong
C. To determine what type of conduct is bad
D. To determine what type of conduct is the best
Answer: B. To determine what type of conduct is right or wrong
219. What is a moral action?
A. An action is done deliberately for the good/bad of others
B. An action is done intentionally to destroy others
C. An action is done deliberately and freely to attain ultimate happiness
D. An action is done freely to destroy others
Answer: C. An action is done deliberately and freely to attain ultimate happiness
220. What does immoral mean?
A. Not observing a universal known moral rule
B. Not observing a universal known immoral rule
C. Not observing a particular known moral rule
D. Not observing a universal known immoral rule
Answer: C. Not observing a particular known moral rule
221. What do you mean by Amoral?
A. Relevant to
B. Not relevant to
C. Concerned with
D. None of these
Answer: B. Not relevant to
222. Which of the following is not an example of Amoral action ?
A. Famine
B. Flood
C. Breathing
D. Killing
Answer: D. Killing
223. In which branch of science do ethics come under?
A. Positive
B. Normative
C. Descriptive
D. None of these
Answer: B. Normative
224. Identify the major branches of ethics?
A. Meta, normative, applied
B. Ontological, logical, Meta
C. Philosophical, normative, Meta
D. Ecological, applied, relative
Answer: A. Meta, normative, applied
225. Applied ethics deals with __________
A. Universal truths
B. Philosophical sciences
C. Controversial issues
D. Truths
Answer: C. Controversial issues
226. Applied ethics is also known as __________
A. Normative
B. Ethical theory
C. Positive
D. Casuistry
Answer: D. Casuistry
227. Which of the following sciences does give data for science of ethics?
A. Sociology
B. Psychology
C. Anthropology
D. all of these
Answer: D. all of these
228. Ethics is not the art of right conduct but act of __________
A. Moral life
B. Judgement
C. Observation
D. Intuition
Answer: A. Moral life
229. Which among them does make an action voluntary?
A. Freedom
B. Knowledge
C. Will
D. all of these
Answer: D. all of these
230. _________ is proper only to humans.
A. Act of human
B. Human act
C. Act of women
D. None of these
Answer: B. Human act
231. Who proposed the three postulates of ethics ?
A. Kant
B. Rashdall
C. Aurobindo
D. Descartes
Answer: A. Kant
232. Which one is considered as the postulate of ethics ?
A. Proof for evil
B. Proof for God
C. Existence of God
D. Mortality
Answer: C. Existence of God
233. Postulates are ___________.
A. Self-evident truths
B. Evident truths
C. Not self-evident truths
D. Evident norms
Answer: A. Self-evident truths
234. “Reason of God is the criterion of judgement”. Who said these words ?
A. St. Augustine
B. St. Anselm
C. St. Aquinas
D. Boethius
Answer: C. St. Aquinas
235. When was the breaking up of the Greek city state ?
A. 4th c
B. 8th c
C. 12th c
D. 16th c
Answer: A. 4th c
236. who named ‘hermic’ and ‘mnemic’ tendencies ?
A. Plato
B. J.S. Mill
C. W.S. Gilbert
D. Aristotle
Answer: C. W.S. Gilbert
237. Who distinguished the two aspects of conscience?
A. Broad
B. Butler
C. Plato
D. Aristotle
Answer: B. Butler
238. What do you mean by the Greek term ‘hedone’ ?
A. Pleasure
B. Difference
C. Ethics
D. Perfection
Answer: A. Pleasure
239. Universalistic hedonism is also known as _________.
A. Egoism
B. Utilitarianism
C. Ethics
D. Pleasure
Answer: B. Utilitarianism
240. Who is the founder of the science of political economy?
A. Adam Smith
B. Butler
C. J.S. Mill
D. Bentham
Answer: A. Adam Smith
241. Conscience belongs to which faculty?
A. Social
B. Political
C. Individual
D. Pleasure
Answer: C. Individual
242. What is the view of Epicures?
A. Ethical universalism
B. Ethical egoism
C. Ethical hedonism
D. Deism
Answer: B. Ethical egoism
243. Who among these philosophers is considered as a champion of happiness ?
A. Bentham
B. Kant
C. Plato
D. J.S. Mill
Answer: D. J.S. Mill
244. J.S. Mill gave importance to __________ base.
A. Pleasure
B. Quantitative
C. Qualitative
D. Hedonism
Answer: C. Qualitative
245. Who hold that moral progress is characterized by the deepening of the moral insight?
A. T. H. Grew
B. T.H. Green
C. Eric Ericson
D. Anne Roe
Answer: B. T.H. Green
246. Whose opinion that moral life of an individual exists in a moral universe of moral ideals which is generally recognized by the society?
A. Aristotle
B. Socrates
C. Mackenzie
D. Plato
Answer: C. Mackenzie
247. Who says that moral progress is morality in progress ?
A. James
B. James William
C. James Peter
D. James Seth
Answer: D. James Seth
248. Which is the philosophical virtue of Plato and Aristotle ?
A. Justice
B. Love
C. Law
D. Value
Answer: A. Justice
249. Which are the theological virtues?
A. Faith, Love, Justice
B. Love, Goodness, Truth
C. Faith, Hope, Charity
D. Faith, Love Charity
Answer: C. Faith, Hope, Charity
250. According to Aquinas, ________ is the form of all virtues ?
A. Hope
B. Faith
C. Charity
D. Love
Answer: C. Charity
251. According to Aristotle, virtues are a kind of ________ nature.
A. First
B. Second
C. Third
D. Fourth
Answer: B. Second
252. which is the greatest knowledge according to Socrates ?
A. Value
B. Virtue
C. Law
D. Know Thyself
Answer: D. Know Thyself
253. Knowing one is the real _________ formation.
A. Integral
B. Mutual
C. Spiritual
D. Physical
Answer: C. Spiritual
254. Realization of self helps to realize the _________ self.
A. Lower
B. Middle
C. Supreme
D. Inner
Answer: C. Supreme
255. By nature human is indebted to search for ________ since he is a moral person.
A. Intellect
B. Reason
C. Knowledge
D. Truth
Answer: D. Truth
256. Ethics aims at finding out the truth about something that is both interesting and important ___________.
A. Experience and influence
B. Principles and precepts
C. Rightness and wrongness of human act
D. Existence and essence
Answer: C. Rightness and wrongness of human act
257. _________ is the dream of ethics, according to all ethicist.
A. Good character
B. Communion with God
C. Good knowledge
D. Morally high life
Answer: D. Morally high life
258. ___________ is the moral end.
A. Principles in life
B. Communion with God
C. Good character
D. Free man
Answer: C. Good character
259. _________ is the modern term used to indicate by name of ‘good’ traditionally.
A. Value
B. Personality
C. Education
D. Knowledge
Answer: A. Value
260. Hippocratic Oath is still recited to ___________ students.
A. Engineering
B. C. A.
C. Medical
D. Mechanic
Answer: C. Medical
261. ______ was the greatest Christian theologian and philosopher of middle ages ?
A. Aquinas
B. Willam Craig
C. Karl Rahner
D. Aristotle
Answer: A. Aquinas
262. Eternal law for man cannot be physical, but only ________.
A. Natural
B. Moral
C. Rational
D. Divine
Answer: B. Moral
263. Whether man has reached the highest point of development of his moral consciousness?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Not yet
D. Of course
Answer: C. Not yet
264. The progress of human consciousness is the fact of _________.
A. Universality
B. Emphasis
C. Influence
D. Experience
Answer: D. Experience
265. Ethics is concerned precisely with the __________ to decide the right/wrong in human conduct.
A. will
B. norms
C. imagination
D. laws
Answer: B. norms
266. The __________ word ‘mores’ is the root of the word ‘morality’.
A. Greek
B. English
C. French
D. Latin
Answer: D. Latin
267. Intuitionism 3. Hedonism
4. Human rights 4. Conscience
A. 2, 3, 1, 4
B. 3, 1, 4, 2
C. 4, 3, 1, 2
D. 3, 1, 2, 4
Answer: B. 3, 1, 4, 2
268. Summum Bonum refers to the _________ good.
A. personal
B. social
C. supreme
D. lower
Answer: C. supreme
269. _________ is not a positive science.
A. Ethics
B. Sociology
C. Physics
D. Biology
Answer: A. Ethics
270. Ethics as a normative science deals with the __________ of human conduct.
A. ideas
B. standards
C. betterment
D. None of these
Answer: B. standards
271. A desire that continues to be effective can be termed a ___________.
A. will
B. motive
C. wish
D. intention
Answer: C. wish
272. Human desire is _________ animal appetite.
A. different from
B. similar to
C. the same as
D. not distinguishable from
Answer: A. different from
273. A human being may be hungry and yet not __________ food.
A. take
B. provide
C. like
D. desire
Answer: D. desire
274. __________ may be outer or inner.
A. Desire
B. Wish
C. Intention
D. All these
Answer: C. Intention
275. The motive of an action is a part of the __________.
A. intention
B. will
C. wish
D. none of these
Answer: A. intention
276. ___________ is a representative of hedonist ethics.
A. Bentham
B. J. S. Mill
C. Both (aand (b)
D. Neither (anor (b)
Answer: C. Both (aand (b)
277. ‘Character’ refers to the complete system constituted by the acts of _________ of a particular
kind.
A. wish
B. desire
C. intention
D. will
Answer: D. will
278. __________ exactly corresponds to character.
A. Wish
B. conduct
C. Will
D. Desire
Answer: B. conduct
279. Find out the items in the List B that match those in the List A. List A List B
1. Hedonism 1.A selected desire 2. Free will 2. Herbert Spencer 3. Wish 3. Pleasure as moral standard 4. Evolutionary morality 4. Higher human faculty
A. 3, 4, 1, 2
B. 2, 3, 1, 4
C. 1, 4, 3, 2
D. 3, 4, 2, 1
Answer: A. 3, 4, 1, 2
280. Universalistic hedonism is also called ___________.
A. ethical
B. psychological
C. utilitarianism
D. altruism
Answer: C. utilitarianism
281. It is wrong to break a promise because as a moral law it cannot be universalized. This illustrates
the ethical position of _____________.
A. Kant
B. J. S. Mill
C. Bentham
D. Spencer
Answer: A. Kant
282. All conduct either promotes or hinders the organism’s adaptation to the environment. This
implies the ___________ theory of morality.
A. hedonist
B. evolutionary
C. intuitionist
D. none of these
Answer: B. evolutionary
283. Adjustment of internal relations to external relations is the basic postulate of the ethical theory of ____________.
A. Bentham
B. J. S. Mill
C. Kant
D. Herbert Spencer
Answer: D. Herbert Spencer
284. According to ____________, moral life makes the inherent rational/spiritual principle more and
more explicit.
A. J. S. Mill
B. T. H. Green
C. Herbert Spencer
D. Bentham
Answer: B. T. H. Green
285. ________ is the author of Methods of Ethics.
A. Kant
B. T. H. Green
C. Butler
D. Sidgwick
Answer: D. Sidgwick
286. Desire and _________ are frequently used as synonymous.
A. pleasure
B. intention
C. wish
D. will
Answer: C. wish
287. Find out the mismatching pair.
A. Kant/hedonism
B. Ethics/normative science
C. Intuitionism/conscience
D. Evolutionism/adaptation
Answer: A. Kant/hedonism
288. According to __________, conscience is superior to self-love.
A. Bentham
B. J. S. Mill
C. Butler
D. Spencer
Answer: C. Butler
289. Actions are right/wrong according to their intrinsic nature. This is the position of _________.
A. Intuitionists
B. Hedonists
C. Utilitarians
D. None of these
Answer: A. Intuitionists
290. According to Kant, an action is good/bad ____________.
A. with reference to some external standard
B. according to the pleasure/pain it produces
C. in itself
D. extrinsically
Answer: C. in itself
291. ‘The moral principle that guides your action should become a universal law’. This is the view of _____________.
A. J. S. Mill
B. Bentham
C. both (aand (b)
D. neither (anor (b)
Answer: D. neither (anor (b)
292. The ethical theory of ___________ shows a close affinity with Darwin’s theory of evolution.
A. J. S. Mill
B. Herbert Spencer
C. Immanuel Kant
D. None of these
Answer: B. Herbert Spencer
293. “The greatest happiness of the greatest number” is the dictum of _________ hedonism.
A. egoistic
B. psychological
C. universalistic
D. all these
Answer: C. universalistic
294. Sidgwick argued that _________ keeps us impartial in the choice of pleasure.
A. ego
B. reason
C. passion
D. society
Answer: B. reason
295. Psychological hedonism recognizes _________ as the object of desire.
A. pleasure
B. reason
C. pain
D. law
Answer: A. pleasure
296. According to J. S. Mill, some pleasures are more desirable on account of ___________.
A. quantity
B. quality
C. appetite
D. beauty
Answer: B. quality
297. Sidgwick tried a synthesis between __________, J. S. Mill and Kant.
A. Bentham
B. Spencer
C. Butler
D. None of these
Answer: C. Butler
298. The author of The Data of Ethics is ___________.
A. Kant
B. Spencer
C. Bentham
D. J. S. Mill
Answer: B. Spencer
299. Perfection or self-realization is the ________ of moral evolution.
A. beginning
B. content
C. law
D. ideal
Answer: D. ideal
300. The view that moral development is directed towards a specific goal is __________.
A. universalistic
B. teleological
C. legal
D. all these
Answer: B. teleological
301. __________ is the author of Prolegomena to Ethics.
A. Bentham
B. Aristotle
C. T. H. Green
D. J. S. Mill
Answer: C. T. H. Green
302. A _________ action ‘tends to bring about what is good’.
A. bad
B. right
C. wrong
D. legal
Answer: B. right
303. ________ argued that if conscience had strength and authority, “it would absolutely govern the
world”.
A. T. H. Green
B. J. S. Mill
C. Butler
D. Immanuel Kant
Answer: C. Butler
304. Avoiding injury either to oneself or to another’s physical well-being implies the Respect for _______.
A. Life
B. Character
C. Freedom
D. Property
Answer: A. Life
305. Respect for life corresponds to the right to __________.
A. Property
B. Freedom
C. Education
D. Life
Answer: D. Life
306. Mackenzie defines ________ as ‘The science of the ideal in human conduct’.
A. Character
B. Ethics
C. Hedonism
D. Utilitarianism
Answer: B. Ethics
307. Butler’s term for intuitive moral faculty is _______.
A. appetite
B. desire
C. purpose
D. conscience
Answer: D. conscience
308. The right of the child to education corresponds to the parents’ __________ to ensure it.
A. interest
B. duty
C. right
D. capacity
Answer: B. duty
309. Education is a practical means that corresponds to the _________ theory of punishment.
A. Deterrent
B. Retributive
C. Reformative
D. None of these
Answer: C. Reformative
310. The right to freedom is essential to _________.
A. Hedonism
B. Democrac
C. Dictatorship
D. All these
Answer: B. Democrac
311. Deterrent theory of punishment is ___________.
A. preventive
B. reformative
C. educative
D. none of these
Answer: A. preventive
312. Retributive theory of punishment involves ___________.
A. education
B. reformation
C. revenge
D. conversion
Answer: C. revenge
313. Capital punishment cannot be justified according to ___________ theory of punishment.
A. Retributive
B. Reformative
C. both (aand (b)
D. neither (anor (b)
Answer: B. Reformative
314. The right to ________ is recently included in the fundamental rights in India.
A. life
B. freedom
C. education
D. property
Answer: C. education
315. _________ is not a proponent of hedonism.
A. Kant
B. T. H. Green
C. both (aand (b)
D. neither (anor (b)
Answer: C. both (aand (b)
316. Social Darwinism refers to the position of ___________.
A. Kant
B. J. S. Mill
C. Bentham
D. Spencer
Answer: D. Spencer
317. Those phenomena of conduct in these highest creatures, with which Morality is concerned, also
conform to the laws of evolution. ___________ said this.
A. Herbert Spencer
B. Charles Darwin
C. Bentham
D. T. H. Green
Answer: A. Herbert Spencer
318. Find out the matching pairs.
1. Bentham/hedonism 2. Reformative view of punishment/the penalty of death 3. T. H. Green/utilitarianism 4. Kant/Critique of Practical reason
A. Only 4
B. 1 and 4
C. 2 and 3
D. Only 1
Answer: B. 1 and 4
319. According to Sidgwick, ‘nothing is desirable in itself except ___________.
A. pain
B. pleasure
C. both (aand (b)
D. neither (anor (b)
Answer: B. pleasure
320. Rights and duties are the __________ constituents of the citizen’s life.
A. opposite
B. contradictory
C. invalid
D. complementary
Answer: D. complementary
321. Right to _________ is the most fundamental right.
A. property
B. freedom
C. education
D. life
Answer: D. life
322. ___________ theory of punishment is more humanitarian.
A. Retributive
B. Reformative
C. both (aand (b)
D. neither (anor (b)
Answer: B. Reformative
323. The word ethics is derived from
A. Latin word ‘ethike’.
B. Greek word ‘ethik’
C. Greek word ‘ethike’
D. Latin word ‘ethik’
Answer: C. Greek word ‘ethike’
324. ‘It is difficult but not impossible to conduct strictly honest business’ is famous quote by:
A. Mahatma Gandhi
B. Adam Smith
C. George Bernard Shaw
D. Peter Drucker
Answer: A. Mahatma Gandhi
325. The term ‘business ethics’ came into common use in year _________
A. 1950
B. 1960
C. 1970
D. 1980
Answer: C. 1970
326. Ethics is a set of _________ of human conduct that govern the behavior of individuals or
organization.
A. principles
B. standards
C. principles or standards
D. None of the above
Answer: C. principles or standards
327. ______________ is about obeying and adhering to rule and authority.
A. Ethics
B. Code
C. Conduct
D. Compliance
Answer: D. Compliance
328. Which of the following is an unethical business practice?
A. Collusion
B. False Communication
C. Insider Trading
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
329. Administrative corruption includes ‘gifts’ to the ___________
A. factory inspector
B. boiler inspector
C. pollution control board inspectors
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
330. Business ethics is based on well accepted ____________
A. moral and social values
B. social values only
C. moral values only
D. none of the above
Answer: A. moral and social values
331. Business ethics has a ____________ application.
A. universal
B. natural
C. practical
D. none of the above
Answer: A. universal
332. ____________ are beliefs about what is right and wrong or good or bad.
A. morals
B. motivators
C. cultures
D. ethics
Answer: D. ethics
333. Business Ethics is _____________ in nature.
A. absolute
B. not absolute
C. permanent
D. none of the above
Answer: B. not absolute
334. The relevance of ethics is in its
A. Context
B. Principles
C. Application
D. Understanding
Answer: C. Application
335. Business malpractice does not include
A. Black marketing
B. Adulteration
C. Advertising
D. Duplication
Answer: C. Advertising
336. Ethics refers to a ________ that guides an individual while dealing with others.
A. code
B. conduct
C. code of conduct
D. rules of conduct
Answer: C. code of conduct
337. Ethics in compliance means
A. it is about obeying and adhering to rules and authority.
B. it deals with the moral principles behind the operation and regulation of marketing.
C. it deals with the duties of a company to ensure that pr oducts and production processes do not cause harm.
D. None of the above
Answer: A. it is about obeying and adhering to rules and authority.
338. _________made it important for businesses to have an ethics code, something in writing
about what one ought to do, and what to strive for.
A. The Ethics & Code Conduct Act, 2000
B. The Sarbanes-Ethics of Code Conduct Act, 2001
C. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 2002
D. None of the above
Answer: C. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 2002
339. Compliance is about obeying and adhering to _______________.
A. rules an authority
B. discipline
C. laws
D. All of the above
Answer: A. rules an authority
340. An expert who is c onfidentially available to solve the e thical dilemmas is known as
______________.
A. Ethic coach
B. Ethics trainer
C. Ethics guide
D. None of the above
Answer: A. Ethic coach
341. Which of the following statements about business ethics is true?
A. It concerns the impact of a business activities on society.
B. It refers to principles and standards that determine acceptable behavior in the world of business.
C. It relates to an individual’s values and moral standards and the resulting business decisions he or she makes.
D. What is ethical is determined by the public, government regulators, interest groups, competitors and individual’s personal moral values.
Answer: B. It refers to principles and standards that determine acceptable behavior in the world of business.
342. Top managers demonstrate commitment to ethical business practices with
A. the adoption of written codes of ethics.
B. employee empowerment.
C. decentralized decision making practices.
D. collusion with other companies.
Answer: A. the adoption of written codes of ethics.
343. Feature that is NOT present in business ethics are—
A. It has universal application.
B. It is absolute in nature.
C. It depends from business to business.
D. It cannot be enforced by law.
Answer: B. It is absolute in nature.
344. In setting ethical standards, perhaps the most effective step that a company can take is to
A. adopt a code of ethics.
B. demonstrate top management support of ethical standards.
C. engage employees in ethics training.
D. take an accommodative stance.
Answer: B. demonstrate top management support of ethical standards.
345. Following is not a professional characteristic:
A. Competition (Undercutting)
B. Competency
C. Character
D. Compensation
Answer: A. Competition (Undercutting)
346. Ethics has become important because of
A. Globalization
B. Communication explosion
C. Both (Aand (B)
D. None of the above
Answer: C. Both (Aand (B)
347. Corporate codes of ethics
A. are always externally audited.
B. create guidelines for employees to work by.
C. are always compliance bas
Answer: B. create guidelines for employees to work by.
348. Ethical and unethical behaviours are determined by
A. the individual.
B. the culture.
C. both the individual and the culture.
D. neither the individual nor the culture.
Answer: C. both the individual and the culture.
349. The crucial step in understanding business ethics is
A. Establishing codes of ethics.
B. Learning to recognize ethical issues.
C. Having efficient operations.
D. Implementing a strategic plan.
Answer: B. Learning to recognize ethical issues.
350. A set of principles and expectations that are considered binding on any person who is
member of a particular group is known as
A. Code of ethics
B. Values
C. Ethics
D. None of the above
Answer: A. Code of ethics
351. The idea of business ethics caught the attention of academics, media and business firms by
the end of the _______________ .
A. First World War
B. Second World War
C. Cold War
D. None of the above
Answer: C. Cold War
352. Which of the following is not a ‘Code of conduct’ ?
A. Code of ethics
B. Code of practices
C. Code of behaviour
D. Code of management
Answer: D. Code of management
353. Ethical executives abide by _______________ relating to their business activities.
A. laws
B. rules
C. laws, rules and regulations
D. None of the above
Answer: C. laws, rules and regulations
354. ________________ is a set of principles and expectations that are considered binding on any
person who is member of a particular group.
A. Code of conduct
B. Code of ethics
C. Code of practice
D. Any of the above
Answer: B. Code of ethics
355. Law is ___________________ of ethics.
A. No connection
B. Decodification
C. Codification
D. Visualisation
Answer: C. Codification
356. Business ethics calls for avoidance of
A. Competition
B. Publicity
C. Monopoly
D. Self Interest
Answer: C. Monopoly
357. Ethics has evolved with evolution of
A. Culture
B. Value
C. Moral
D. Society
Answer: D. Society
358. Business ethics relates to
A. Customers decisions
B. Government decisions
C. Society’s decisions
D. An individual’s or work group’s decisions
Answer: D. An individual’s or work group’s decisions
359. Morality means:
A. What is considered as correct within a society.
B. Making the right decision and avoid a wrong decision.
C. Defining what is right and wrong for an individual or a community.
D. It helps an individual to make an ethical decision.
Answer: C. Defining what is right and wrong for an individual or a community.
360. Business ethics is
A. The study of business situations, activities and decisions where issues of right and wrong are addressed.
B. Defined as decisions organizations make on issues that could be considered right or wrong.
C. Ethics that can be applied to an organization’s practices for profit maximization.
D. Ethical processes businesses use in order to achieve a good ethical standard.
Answer: A. The study of business situations, activities and decisions where issues of right and wrong are addressed.
361. “We wish to be good citizens of every community in which we operate.” This is
A. Ethical Code
B. Political and Social Code
C. Legal Rule
D. Legal Act
Answer: A. Ethical Code
362. The study of ethics is divided into ______________ operational areas.
A. four
B. three
C. five
D. seven
Answer: A. four
363. Business Ethics is a code of conduct which society should follow while conducting their social activities.
A. True
B. False
C. Partly true
D. None of the above
Answer: B. False
364. Which statement is/are true?
A. Ethics is not synonymous to religious morality or moral theology.
B. Ethics is the principle that guide the human behaviour.
C. The terms ‘ethics’ and ‘morality’ are not synonymous terms.
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
365. Which of the following does not contribute to the development of a business enterprise’s
standard of ethics?
A. Competitors’ behaviours
B. Society’s norms and values
C. Life experiences of company’s key persons
D. Environmental situations
Answer: A. Competitors’ behaviours
366. Unethical behaviour is often triggered by
A. Pressure from higher management to achieve goals.
B. An organizational atmosphere that ignores such behaviour.
C. A regular control system of checks and balances.
D. Both (Aand (B)
Answer: D. Both (Aand (B)
367. Business Ethics is a code of c onduct which businessmen should follow while conducting
their
A. Special activities
B. Specific activities
C. Normal activities
D. None of the above
Answer: C. Normal activities
368. Managers today are usually quite sensitive to issues of s ocial responsibility and ethical
behavior because of___________.
A. Interest groups
B. Legal and governmental concerns
C. Media coverage
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
369. Which functional area in business ethics is ab out obeying and adhering to rules and authority?
A. Ethics in finance
B. Ethics in production
C. Ethics in compliance
D. None of the above
Answer: A. Ethics in finance
370. Holders of Public Office should promote and support the seven principles of public life by ___________ and prove to be example in whatever way they perform.
A. accountability
B. integrity
C. leadership
D. Honesty
Answer: C. leadership
371. The relevance of ethics is in its
A. Principles
B. Understanding
C. Context
D. Application
Answer: D. Application
372. Which one of the following is not the seven principles of public life?
A. Selfishness
B. Objectivity
C. Content
D. Honesty
Answer: C. Content
373. For survival of business
A. to have guidance on ethics
B. it is always better to follow appropriate code of conduct to survive in the market.
C. need to obtain feedback from customers.
D. to have Governments support.
Answer: B. it is always better to follow appropriate code of conduct to survive in the market.
374. Reasons why a “ good understanding of business ethics” is i mportant, can be stated as follows:
A. Healthy Competition
B. Conduct
C. Accountability
D. Application
Answer: A. Healthy Competition
375. The main aim or objective of business is
A. to Increase in profit
B. consumer satisfaction
C. To become a business leader
D. creation of job opportunities
Answer: B. consumer satisfaction
376. Business Ethics helps to
A. create wealth
B. stop business malpractices
C. expand business
D. None of the above
Answer: B. stop business malpractices
377. Business Ethics is also called as
A. Absolute Ethics
B. Permanent Ethics
C. Corporate Ethics
D. None of the above
Answer: C. Corporate Ethics