250+ TOP MCQs on Biomolecules – Vitamins and Answers

Chemistry Multiple Choice Questions on “Biomolecules – Vitamins”.

1. Which of the following compounds is usually not produced by the human body?
a) Hormones
b) Nucleic acids
c) Vitamins
d) Enzymes
Answer: c
Clarification: Organic chemical substances which are consumed in small quantities through proper diet are called vitamins. These are essential for the proper maintenance and of health and growth of an individual. These are not synthesized by the human body.

2. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
a) Vitamin deficiency causes diseases
b) Excess vitamin intake is harmful
c) Vitamins contain amino groups
d) Vitamins can be produced by plants
View Answer

Answer: c
Clarification: Plants can synthesize almost all vitamins, and are considered essential food factors. Both deficiency and excess of vitamins affect the health of an individual negatively. Vitamins were earlier identified as compounds containing amino groups, but was later discovered that most of them did not contain amino groups.

3. Which of the following vitamins are soluble in water?
a) A
b) C
c) D
d) E
Answer: b
Clarification: B groups vitamins and vitamin C ae soluble in water and are grouped together. These must be supplied regularly as they are readily excreted and cannot be stored in the body.

4. The condition of excess intake of vitamins is called ________
a) denaturation
b) renaturation
c) avitaminoses
d) hypervitaminoses
Answer: d
Clarification: When there is a high dose of vitamin intake, there is an appearance of toxic symptoms, which leads to a condition called hypervitaminoses. On the other hand, the condition of vitamin deficiency is called avitaminoses.

5. Which of the following vitamins are stored in human tissues?
a) B₁
b) B₂
c) B₆
d) K
Answer: d
Clarification: Fat soluble vitamins are soluble in fat and oil but insoluble in water. They are stored in liver and adipose (fat storing) tissues. The B group vitamins are water soluble.

6. Which of the following water-soluble vitamins are stored in the body?
a) B₂
b) B₄
c) B₁₂
d) C
Answer: c
Clarification: All B group vitamins and vitamin C are water soluble. However, vitamin B₁₂ is not excreted in urine and is instead stored in the body. It is involved in the metabolism of every cell in the body.

7. Vitamin B₂ is also known as _______
a) thiamine
b) riboflavin
c) cobalamin
d) pyridoxine
Answer: b
Clarification: Vitamin B₂ is a water-soluble vitamin with the chemical name riboflavin. Its deficiency causes cheilosis, digestive disorders and burning sensation of the skin.

8. Retinol is vitamin ___
a) A
b) C
c) D
d) K
Answer: a
Clarification: Retinol, also known as vitamin A, is a vitamin found in food. It is a fat-soluble vitamin also called bright eye vitamin. It helps in the prevention of conditions like xerophthalmia and night blindness.

9. Cyanocobalamin is used for the treatment of deficiency of which vitamin?
a) B₂
b) B₁₂
c) E
d) K
Answer: b
Clarification: Cyanocobalamin is the manufactured form of vitamin B₁₂ which is used to treat B₁₂ deficiency, which causes pernicious anaemia. It is obtained from products like fish, meat, eggs, cheese and curd.

10. Deficiency of ascorbic acid in diet causes _______
a) scurvy
b) beri beri
c) rickets
d) cheilosis
Answer: a
Clarification: Ascorbic acid is another name for vitamin C which is highly water-soluble and an important dietary supplement. It is present in citrus fruits and leafy vegetables. Scurvy is a disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin C.

11. The class of compounds showing vitamin E activity are called _______
a) phytomenadiones
b) tocopherols
c) ergocalciferols
d) pyridoxines
Answer: b
Clarification: Vitamin E is also known as tocopherol. Other compounds that behave like vitamin E also belong to this group. Deficiency of this causes muscular weakness and fragility of red blood cells. Its main source is vegetable oils.

12. Which vitamin can be obtained from sunlight?
a) A
b) H
c) D
d) E
Answer: c
Clarification: The skin is capable of producing large amounts of vitamin D when the skin is exposed to sunlight. The part of sunlight that is important is ultraviolet B rays. The deficiency of vitamin D causes rickets and osteomalacia.

13. Deficiency of vitamin K increases the blood clotting time.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: Vitamin K (phylloquinone) is fat-soluble and also known as coagulation vitamin. It helps in clotting of blood and prevents haemorrhage.

14. Deficiency of riboflavin causes beri beri.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Clarification: Riboflavin is vitamin B₂, the deficiency of which causes cheilosis and digestive disorders. Beri beri is caused by the deficiency of thiamine, or vitamin B₁.