Enzyme Technology Multiple Choice Questions on “Large Scale Use of Enzyme – Medical Application of Enzymes”.
1. Enzyme reduces its potential utility in the treatment of metabolic diseases.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
Clarification: Enzymes are biocatalyst and hence its should make the most desirable therapeutic agent for the treatment of metabolic diseases. However, a number following factors reduces its potential utility. They are:
• Enzymes are large in size to be distributed within the body cells and hence not successfully applied in human genetic disease treatment. In recent times, number of methods have applied to target the enzymes to overcome this problem.
• Enzymes being antigenic can elicit immune response which may cause severe life threatening allergic reactions. To overcome this problem, enzymes may be disguised as a non-proteinaceous molecule bye covalent modification.
• Enzymes effective lifetime within the circulation may be only a matter of minutes. By disguising using covalent modification, the problem has been overcome a bit. However, these methods often cause increased immunological response and additionally may cause blood clots.
Hence the above statement is true.
2. ___________ is an enzyme used to dissolve blood clots.
A. Uricase
B. Lysozyme
C. Urokinase
D. Asparginase
Answer: C
Clarification: Urokinase is a serine protease that is prepared from human urine and is used to dissolve blood clots. It converts plasminogen to plasmin. Uricase is used in the treatment of gout. Lysozyme acts as an antibiotic. Asparginase is used in the treatment of cancer.
3. Which of the following enzyme is used in the treatment of cancer?
A. Trypsin
B. Lysozyme
C. Asparginase
D. Streptokinase
Answer: C
Clarification: Asparginase is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Tumor cells lack aspartate-ammonia ligase activity which restricts its ability to synthesize L-aspargine. Asparginase helps to extract L-aspargine from body fluids. Asparginase activity does not affect the functioning of normal cells which are able to synthesize on its own, but reduce the free exogenous concentration and so induces a state of fatal starvation in the susceptible tumor cell. Trypsin is used in the treatment of inflammation. Lysozyme is used as an antibiotic. Streptokinase is used in the treatment of blood clots.
4. _________ is used in treatment of skin ulcers.
A. Collagenase
B. Glutaminase
C. Rhodanase
D. Ribonuclease
Answer: A
Clarification: Collagenase is an enzyme which hydrolysis collagen and used in the treatment of skin ulcers. Glutaminase is used in the treatment of leukemia. Rhodanase is used in the treatment of cyanide poisoning. Ribonuclease has antiviral activity.
5. What does ‘Y’ represent in the following reaction?
L-Glutamine + H2O (underset{x}{rightarrow}) L – Glutamate + NH3
A. Collagenase
B. Glutaminase
C. Hyaluronidase
D. Urokinase
Answer: B
Clarification: The equation above represents a hydrolytic reaction which is catalyzed by enzyme glutaminase. It is used in treatment and diagnosis of leukemia. Collagenase acts on collagen hydrolysis and is used in the treatment of skin ulcers. Hyaluronidase acts on Hyaluronate hydrolysis and is used in treatment of heart attack. Urokinase converts plasminogen to plasmin and is used in treatment of blood clots.
6. Which of the following enzyme is used as therapeutic enzyme in treating allergies caused by penicillin?
A. Rhodanase
B. Uricase
C. β – Lactamase
D. Hyaluronidase