Life Sciences Questions and Answers for Freshers focuses on “Respiration – 2”.
1. What is Respirasome?
A. The supramolecular complex of complex I, II, and III
B. Respiratory center of the body
C. Complex III and IV of the electron transport chain
D. The intermediate complex formed during oxidative phosphorylation
Answer: A
Clarification: Repirasome is the supramolecular complex formed by the complex I, II, and III of electron transport chain. This supramolecular complex consists of complexes along with their prosthetic groups, only complex IV would not take part in the formation of respirasome.
2. FeS and FAD are the prosthetic groups of ______
A. Complex I
B. Complex II
C. Complex III
D. Complex IV
Answer: B
Clarification: All the complexes of the electron transport chain comprise of a prosthetic group in order to act as an electron carrier. These prosthetic groups may be flavins, heme, Fe-S cluster and copper.
3. Mark the INCORRECT statement about Coenzyme Q?
A. It shows ubiquitous in nature
B. It is also known as ubiquinone
C. Q refers to the quinone chemical group
D. It has a protein bound prosthetic group
Answer: D
Clarification: It has a protein bound prosthetic group is incorrect as it is the election carrier in the electron transport chain which does not bind to the protein. It can be a carrier of hydrogen atoms that are an electron in addition to proton.
4. Out of the following, which one is not the inhibitor of the electron transport chain?
A. Rotenone
B. Antimycin A
C. Cyanide
D. Malonate
Answer: D
Clarification: Malonate is not the inhibitor of the electron transport chain; it is a competitive inhibitor which inhibits the citric acid cycle by blocking the conversion of succinate to fumarate.
5. Name the physiological uncoupler which stops ATP synthesis.
A. 2, 4-dinitrophenol
B. Dicoumarol
C. FCCP
D. Thermogenin
Answer: D
Clarification: Uncoupling agents are those agents which uncouple oxidation from phosphorylation and do not permit ATP synthesis. Thermogenin is only physiological uncoupler while rest is chemical uncoupler.
6. What is the total yield of ATP from complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose?
A. 32
B. 10
C. 8
D. 40
Answer: A
Clarification: ATP produced after complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose is 30 or 32 based on the type of shuttle system required to transport. Complete oxidation of glucose takes place by glycolysis, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
7. Fermentation is similar to anaerobic respiration.
A. True
B. False
Answer: B
Clarification: Fermentation and anaerobic respiration differ from each other on the basis of the final electron acceptor. In fermentation, the final electron acceptor is organic molecules while in anaerobic respiration the final electron acceptor is inorganic molecule like nitrate, sulfate, carbonate etc.
8. What is the Cori cycle?
A. Glyoxylate cycle
B. Gluconeogenesis
C. Lactic acid cycle
D. Citric acid cycle
Answer: C
Clarification: Cori cycle is also known as the lactic acid cycle, given after by Carl and Gerty Cori. It is a metabolic pathway where lactic acid produced by fermentation in muscles moves to the liver and is converted to glucose, which returns to the muscle and again converted to lactate.
9. Which of the following is CORRECT for the Pasteur Effect?
A. Utilization of glucose for fermentation
B. Increased glucose consumption by yeast in anaerobic condition
C. Fermentation favors aerobic condition more than anaerobic
D. Increased consumption of glucose by yeast in aerobic condition
Answer: B
Clarification: Lois Pasteur observed that yeast does not show good ethanol production or glucose consumption when they are exposed to the aerobic condition. This shows that yeast consumes more glucose anaerobically than aerobically.
10. What is the Warburg effect?
A. Shows increased glycolysis in Cancer cell
B. Disease caused by pesticide
C. Blockage of ATP synthesis
D. Inhibitor of glycolysis
Answer: A
Clarification: This is a phenomenon used for the condition exhibited by cancerous cells for generation of ATP as the main source of energy by increasing glycolysis and using its metabolic pathway.
11. Mark the correct equation for Respiratory quotient?
A. RQ = O2 produced/Co2 consumed
B. RQ = Co2 produced/ O2 consumed
C. RQ = H2O produced/ Co2 consumed
D. RQ = H2O produced/ O2 consumed
Answer: B
Clarification: Respiratory quotient is defined as the ratio of Co2 molecules produced to the oxygen consumed. During complete oxidation of glucose like in carbohydrate, the respiratory quotient is 1.
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