Developmental Psychology 2 Multiple Choice Questions
1. Erik Erikson was founder of …
A. psychosocial development
B. sociological development
C. psychological development
D. both a & b
Answer: A. psychosocial development
2. Which of the following does not describe stagnation in stage 7?
A. people who cannot form real friendships with others
B. people who are self-centered
C. young parents who cannot take care of their children
D. people who are afraid of death
Answer: D. people who are afraid of death
3. Piaget’s developmental sequences follow in which order?
A. pre-operational, sensory-motor, concrete operational, formal operational
B. sensory-motor, operational, concrete operational, formal operational
C. sensory-motor, preoperational, formal operational, concrete operational
D. sensory-motor, pre-operational, concrete operational, formal operational
Answer: D. sensory-motor, pre-operational, concrete operational, formal operational
4. An example of Schaie’s legacy-leaving stage includes a man who is 83 years of age and is telling stories to his great-grandchildren about their family’s history.The stage before the legacy-leaving stage is one in which people are trying to conserve their energy. This stage is known as:
A. responsible stage
B. reintegrative stage
C. reorganizational state
D. none of these
Answer: B. reintegrative stage
5. According to the text, regardless of activity level, muscular strength begins to decline somewhat by about age:
A. 25
B. 30
C. 35
D. 40
Answer: B. 30
6. Which of the following is NOT considered a “marker event” for adulthood?
A. completing formal education
B. getting married
C. turning 21
D. having children
Answer: C. turning 21
7. At what time of life does Erikson stage Industry vs. Inferiority occur?
A. old age
B. adolescence
C. infancy
D. school age
Answer: D. school age
8. Which of these are associated with insecurely attached infants in later life?
A. less competent
B. has less mature friends
C. less socially skilled
D. all of the above
Answer: D. all of the above
9. If a young adult sees stealing as wrong because of the harm it brings to someone, which of Kolbergs’ stages are they displaying?
A. punishment and obedience orientation
B. good boy good girl orientation
C. legalistic orientation
D. social order orientation
Answer: C. legalistic orientation
10. Which of these is a misconception about heredity?
A. heredity means that a person will not change
B. it is a waste of effort to try to influence a trait that has a strong heredity component
C. if the heritability of a trait is high, it shows that society has had little influence on the trait
D. all of the above
Answer: D. all of the above
11. Bob hasn’t missed a day of work since he started his job three years ago. Every morning he comes in with a smile on his face that remains there until he leaves. He works for a charity and it gives him great satisfaction to know that he’s helping others. He loves his job. Bob is most likely
A. a workaholic
B. driven by protestant work ethic
C. burned out
D. work enthusiast
Answer: D. work enthusiast
12. A relationship based on a previous friendship that developed into lovers is characteristic of what love style?
A. agape
B. storge
C. ludus
D. pragma
Answer: B. storge
13. A mother and her infant son are being tested by Aisworth’s Strange Situation procedure. After the mother has left and comes back onto theroom the child acts like he is mad at the mother. This child is said to be?
A. secure
B. anxious
C. highly neurotic
D. avoidant
Answer: D. avoidant
14. Some people crave high levels of arousal through high levels of stimulation. They are said to be
A. sensation seekers
B. excitation transfers
C. securely attached
D. inhibited
Answer: A. sensation seekers
15. Which of the following is a way to measure activity level in an infant?
A. how often they smile
B. how much they sleep
C. how much they want to be held
D. all of the above
Answer: B. how much they sleep
16. Which style of love matches this statement “I try to keep my lover alittle uncertain about my commitment to him/her”?
A. eros
B. ludus
C. storge
D. pragma
Answer: B. ludus
17. What aspect(s) of personality are believed to have evolved in humans?
A. overeating
B. quick response to danger
C. aggression in men
D. all of the above
Answer: D. all of the above
18. The research strategy for assessing personality stability that studies two or more groups assumed to be at different stages of development is
A. stratification
B. cross-sectional
C. binominal
D. longitudinal
Answer: B. cross-sectional
19. Which of the following is NOT one of the Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development?
A. industry vs. inferiority
B. intimacy vs. isolation
C. trust vs. mistrust
D. life vs. death
Answer: D. life vs. death
20. Generativity is best described as
A. part of erikson’s later adulthood stage
B. a desire to help others
C. the ability to make general observations
D. both a and b
Answer: D. both a and b
21. Middle Adulthood / Middle Age – which extends from approximately _ to _years
A. 30-40
B. 40-60
C. 25-35
D. 45-55
Answer: B. 40-60
22. The major problems in vocational adjustment as selection of a vocation is in _stage of development
A. early adulthood
B. middle adulthood
C. late adulthood
D. old age
Answer: A. early adulthood
23. Most common & most serious vocational hazards of early adulthood are —–
A. job dissatisfaction & unemployment.
B. job stress
C. increasing job demands
D. performance evaluation
Answer: A. job dissatisfaction & unemployment.
24. Which biological theory of aging emphasizes harmful genetic mutations as acausal factor?
A. wear and tear theory
B. somatic mutation theory.
C. cross-linkage theory
D. free radical theory.
Answer: C. cross-linkage theory
25. By age 70, few people experience stage ____ deep sleep at all.
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Answer: C. 4
26. Severe bone depletion is referred to as
A. osteoporosis.
B. arthritis.
C. calcium deposits.
D. rheumatism.
Answer: A. osteoporosis.
27. In the United States, women usually experience menopause around age
A. 65
B. 60
C. 50
D. 45
Answer: C. 50
28. .A common problem in older men is _____, better known as impotence.
A. prostrate cancer
B. male menopause
C. penile impotency
D. erectile dysfunction
Answer: D. erectile dysfunction
29. ____ is chest pain that may precede a heart attack
A. angina
B. hypertension
C. hypertensive cardiovascular disease
D. angioplasty
Answer: A. angina
30. ________ is a serious condition that can lead to blindness.
A. somatic mutation
B. heart disease
C. glaucoma
D. osteoporosis
Answer: C. glaucoma
31. Which of the following is an environmental theory of aging?
A. somatic mutation theory
B. genetic control theory
C. free radical theory
D. immune function theory
Answer: A. somatic mutation theory
32. The measure of the number of years that a person can expect to live without adisability is called
A. disability free expectancy.
B. life expectancy.
C. lifetime disability expectancy.
D. active life expectancy.
Answer: D. active life expectancy.
33. A condition known as _____ occurs when the heart is unable to pump enoughblood to meet the needs of the body.
A. angina
B. congestive heart failure
C. hypertension
D. lentigo
Answer: B. congestive heart failure
34. Gender is:
A. synonymous with biological sex
B. a multi-dimensional construct
C. genetically determined
D. under parental control
Answer: B. a multi-dimensional construct
35. Which of Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages characterizes adolescence?
A. industry vs. inferiority
B. intimacy vs. isolation
C. identity vs identity diffusion
D. initiative vs guilt
Answer: C. identity vs identity diffusion
36. The basic understanding of desires, beliefs, perceptions and emotionsis referred to as the Theory of:
A. behaviour
B. mind
C. thought
D. opinion
Answer: B. mind
37. Which of the following is NOT one of Kohlberg’s stages of moralreasoning?
A. conventional
B. unconventional
C. postconventional
D. preconventional
Answer: B. unconventional
38. Which of the following comparisons between Piaget and Kohlberg’stheories of moral judgement is TRUE:
A. both agreed that to young children, right and wrong is determined by obedience to rules and authority figures
B. both agreed on the number of stages individuals passed through before achieving mature moral reasoning
C. both agreed that all normal individuals advance to the highest level of moral reasoning
D. piaget believed that development of moral reasoning was continuous, whereas kohlberg believed it was discontinuous
Answer: A. both agreed that to young children, right and wrong is determined by obedience to rules and authority figures
39. At what age do children begin to differentiate between others’emotional distress and their own?
A. 3-12 months
B. 6-14 months
C. 9-18 months
D. 2 years
Answer: B. 6-14 months
40. Which of the following approaches do many current theorists of motordevelopment take?
A. piagetian approach
B. evolutionary approach
C. changing modules approach
D. dynamic systems approach
Answer: D. dynamic systems approach
41. ————–studies combine both longitudinal and cross sectional methods inan attempt to both shorten the length of the research and minimize developmental assumptions.
A. Cross sectional approach.
B. Longitudinal approach.
C. Sequential approach.
D. Cohort effect
Answer: C. Sequential approach.
42. Which of the following statements would talk about the seed and the soilanalogy in talking about the nature of human development?
A. is development stable or open to change?
B. is development continuous or discontinuous?
C. nature-nurture controversy.
D. one course of development of many courses of development.
Answer: C. nature-nurture controversy.
43. Emotional intelligence involves …
A. mood management.
B. managing relationships.
C. emotional self-awareness.
D. all of the above
Answer: D. all of the above
44. Dechen has an investigative and a curious mindset. She likes evaluating andcontrasting the different things she has learnt in the class. This is indicative of her …
A. creative intelligence.
B. analytical intelligence.
C. practical intelligence.
D. all of the above.
Answer: A. creative intelligence.
45. Subash is a highly athletic boy and can play games that involve bodily movement very well. However, he faces so much of difficulty in drawing andwriting that he takes a long time even to write one alphabet clearly. This is indicative of his…
A. good fine motor skills.
B. poor fine motor skills.
C. poor gross motors skills.
D. good gross motor skills.
Answer: A. good fine motor skills.
46. What is Erikson most famous for?
A. id vs. ego
B. identity crisis
C. social learning theory
D. behaviorism
Answer: B. identity crisis
47. The psychosocial task during one’s high school years is to achieve a senseof?
A. industry
B. delinquency
C. autonomy
D. identity
Answer: D. identity
48. Each stage in Erikson’s model of psychosocial development can becharacterized by:
A. a period of creative tension
B. an achievement scale for growth
C. a different psychological crisis
D. a and c
Answer: C. a different psychological crisis
49. People who achieve a sense of integrity…
A. consolidate a sense of self
B. want to make personal changes
C. treat themselves as the most important person in the world
D. sink into despair
Answer: A. consolidate a sense of self
50. If someone has suffered a head injury and has trouble speaking in a meaningful way, and babbles in a senseless manner, it is likely that there was adamage to the
A. broca’s area
B. wernicke’s area
C. occipital lobe
D. cerebrum.
Answer: A. broca’s area
51. Being able to play guitar well is an example of possessing good
A. fine motor skills
B. gross motor skills
C. reflexes
D. locomotor skills
Answer: A. fine motor skills
52. It is important that social workers
A. understand social darwinism
B. understand biological, psychological and social dimensions of development
C. are cosmopolitanists
D. understand sociobiology
Answer: B. understand biological, psychological and social dimensions of development
53. According to Piaget, children can reason about hypothetical entities in the________ stage.
A. preoperational
B. sensory-motor
C. formal operational
D. concrete operational
Answer: C. formal operational
54. The traditional approach to development emphasizes:
A. little change from birth through old age.
B. extensive change from birth to adolescence, adulthood, and old age.
C. extensive change from birth to adulthood, then little change for the rest of the life span.
D. extensive change from birth to adolescence, little or no change in adulthood, then decline in late old age.
Answer: D. extensive change from birth to adolescence, little or no change in adulthood, then decline in late old age.
55. The traditional and life-span perspectives are contrasting views of developmental change. According to the life-span perspective, when dodevelopmental changes occur?
A. during infancy and early childhood
B. during adolescence and early adulthood
C. during middle and late adulthood
D. throughout the entire life cycle
Answer: D. throughout the entire life cycle
56. Allan spends a great deal of time working and trying to establish his career. Healso has been thinking about how his personal relationship is going and considering whether it could be long-term and lead to establishing a family. Allan is MOST LIKELY in:
A. late adolescence.
B. early adulthood.
C. middle adultho
Answer: B. early adulthood.
57. The period of development during which school readiness skills aredeveloped and most free time is spent playing with friends is called:
A. infancy.
B. early childhood.
C. middle childho
Answer: B. early childhood.
58. Which period of development is characterized by establishing independence,developing an identity, and thinking more abstractly?
A. middle childhood
B. late childhood
C. adolescence
D. early adulthood
Answer: C. adolescence
59. In one study, the reasoning abilities of older adults were improved throughretraining. This is an example of how development is:
A. contextual.
B. multidirectional.
C. multidimensional.
D. plastic.
Answer: D. plastic.
60. Differences in families, neighborhoods, cultures, and even time periods affectdevelopment. This statement supports Baltes’ assertion that development is:
A. contextual.
B. multidirectional.
C. multidimensional.
D. plastic.
Answer: A. contextual.
61. In many cultures, people retire from their careers in their fifties or sixties. Thisis an example of a:
A. normative age-graded influence.
B. normative history-graded influence.
C. nonnormative life event.
D. nonnormative socioemotional event.
Answer: A. normative age-graded influence.
62. Like many others her age, Velma does not know how to use a computer, but her six-year-old grandson has no problem navigating the Internet and using aword processing program. This is an example of a:
A. normative age-graded influence.
B. normative history-graded influence.
C. nonnormative life event.
D. nonnormative socioemotional event.
Answer: B. normative history-graded influence.
63. When Ben was thirteen when his father was killed in a car accident. This is anexample of a:
A. normative age-graded influence.
B. normative history-graded influence.
C. nonnormative life event.
D. nonnormative socioemotional event.
Answer: C. nonnormative life event.
64. The onset of puberty is an example of:
A. normative age-graded influences.
B. normative history-graded influences.
C. nonnormative life events.
D. storm-and-stress events.
Answer: A. normative age-graded influences.
65. The AIDS epidemic in the United States would be an example of a:
A. normative age-graded influence.
B. normative history-graded influence.
C. nonnormative life event.
D. storm-and-stress event.
Answer: B. normative history-graded influence.
66. The number of years since a person was born is a key element in thedefinition of:
A. chronological age.
B. biological age.
C. psychological age.
D. developmental age.
Answer: A. chronological age.
67. The expectations society has that a person will act his or her age refers to:
A. biological age.
B. social age.
C. psychological age.
D. historical age.
Answer: B. social age.
68. Rozee is 86 years young. She continues to learn phrases in new languages,she writes poetry, and she enjoys going to museums to see the latest up-andcoming artists. These examples of her adaptive capacities demonstrate:
A. chronological age.
B. biological age.
C. psychological age.
D. social age.
Answer: C. psychological age.
69. As he was studying life-span development, Tyrell had to learn severalinterrelated, coherent sets of ideas that would help him explain and make predictions about development. Tyrell had to learn:
A. theories.
B. hypotheses.
C. models.
D. scientific methods.
Answer: A. theories.
70. Erik Erikson’s theory emphasized:
A. repeated resolutions of unconscious conflicts about sexual energy.
B. developmental change throughout the human life span.
C. changes in children\s thinking as they mature.
D. the influence of sensitive periods in the various stages of biological maturation.
Answer: B. developmental change throughout the human life span.
71. Most life-span developmentalists recognize that:
A. nature, continuity, and stability are the primary determinants of behavior.
B. nurture, discontinuity, and change are the primary determinants of behavior.
C. while nurture (the environment) is important, nature (heredity) plays the stronger role.
D. extreme positions on these issues are unwise.
Answer: D. extreme positions on these issues are unwise.
72. When choosing a career path, men are more likely to consider ___________,while women are more likely to take ______________ into account.
A. economic gains, relationships with people
B. relationships with people, economic gains
C. length of training, proximity
D. none of the above
Answer: A. economic gains, relationships with people
73. In most countries, elderly women ______ than elderly men.
A. are mistreated less
B. live a few years longer
C. suffer fewer health problems
D. deal with issues of aging better
Answer: D. deal with issues of aging better
74. In Erik Erikson’s developmental stages of life, with which challenge mustolder people struggle?
A. overcoming despair to achieve integrity
B. overcoming role confusion to achieve identity
C. overcoming isolation to achieve intimacy
D. overcoming shame to achieve autonomy
Answer: A. overcoming despair to achieve integrity
75. No social relationship can exist without:
A. face to face presence of the individuals
B. physical awareness of the presence of another
C. likeness of interests
D. carrying common life activates
Answer: B. physical awareness of the presence of another
76. What are the parts of social structure?
A. communities
B. roles and sub-groups
C. institutions and associations
D. groups and associations
Answer: B. roles and sub-groups
77. Geronotology is the study of
A. human being
B. special groups
C. aged and aging
D. all of these
Answer: C. aged and aging
78. The most pervasive of the social processes are:
A. cooperation
B. over conflict
C. competition
D. none of these
Answer: C. competition
79. The exception to the typical application of endogamy is:
A. tribe
B. kinship
C. race
D. none of these
Answer: B. kinship
80. A large kinship group whose members inhabit one geographic area andbelieve they are descendent from a common area is known as:
A. clan
B. tribe
C. kin group
D. class
Answer: B. tribe
81. Role confusion in modern society is engendered by all but one of thefollowing:
A. broadening of role specification
B. plurality of moralities
C. increase in number of achievable positions
D. none of these
Answer: C. increase in number of achievable positions
82. In modern society, cultural change is most likely to be the byproduct of:
A. planning
B. diffusion
C. social struggle
D. none of these
Answer: B. diffusion
83. Etnocentricism means:
A. evaluating other cultures with the yardstick of your own values.
B. taking other nations as good as your own one but disowned
C. no other society is like your\s and your society or group is superior to others.
D. none of these.
Answer: C. no other society is like your\s and your society or group is superior to others.
84. Age is a:
A. nominal variable
B. ordinal variable
C. interval
D. ratio
Answer: B. ordinal variable
85. Which one is a basic institution for socialization of children:
A. school
B. religion
C. family
D. community
Answer: C. family
86. Which type of family consists of a couple, one or both of whom were previously married, their children, and the children from the previousmarriage of one or both parents?
A. nontraditional family
B. traditional family
C. blended family
D. step family
Answer: C. blended family
87. Ashley and her husband just had their first child. Ashley was married previously, and her two children from that marriage also live with Ashleyand her current husband. Which type of family is this?
A. nontraditional family
B. traditional family
C. blended family
D. secondary family
Answer: C. blended family
88. Which type of family consists of a married couple and their own or adoptedchildren living at home?
A. nontraditional family
B. traditional family
C. blended family
D. step family
Answer: B. traditional family
89. Barry and Laurie have been married for almost twenty years, and this is thefirst marriage for both of them. They have two children living at home. Which type of family is this?
A. nontraditional family
B. traditional family
C. blended family
D. step family
Answer: B. traditional family
90. Stages of the household life cycle are based on ____.
A. age of the adult members
B. marital status of the adult members
C. presence of children
D. age of children
Answer: D. age of children
91. When a couple has children, expenditures on which of the following does NOTusually decrease?
A. alcoholic beverages
B. meals out
C. health care
D. personal care products
Answer: C. health care
92. Which of the following is the primary source of consumer socialization?
A. school
B. advertising
C. friends
D. family
Answer: D. family
93. In Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence, the experiential subtheory refersto:
A. metacomponents, performance components and knowledge-acquisition components.
B. internal mechanisms that underlie intelligent behaviour.
C. how experience interacts with intelligence in terms of the individual\s internal world, and the external wor
Answer: C. how experience interacts with intelligence in terms of the individual\s internal world, and the external wor
94. According to Sternberg, the ability to analyze and evaluate ideas, solveproblems, and make decisions is best described as:
A. logical intelligence.
B. analytical intelligence.
C. practical intelligence.
D. essential intelligence.
Answer: B. analytical intelligence.
95. Which theory comprises the Componential subtheory, Contextual subtheoryand Experiential subtheory?
A. goleman\s emotional intelligence theory
B. guilford\s structure of intellect model
C. sternberg\s triarchic model
D. gardner\s multiple intelligences theory
Answer: C. sternberg\s triarchic model
96. According to Sternberg, success is a measure of intelligence that involves anindividual’s ability to
A. develop at least one of the three intelligences.
B. score high on intelligence tests.
C. solve problems without advance preparation.
D. effectively balance abilities based upon environmental circumstances
Answer: D. effectively balance abilities based upon environmental circumstances
97. Sternberg’s theory of successful intelligence goes beyond success in school and determines success in life by using
A. real-life situations.
B. social networking.
C. visual cues.
D. auditory cues.
Answer: A. real-life situations.
98. The general pattern of growth starting from head to foot of the body
A. A . Proximodistal law
B. Cephalocaudal Law
C. Phylogenetic function
D. Ontogenetic Function
Answer: B. Cephalocaudal Law
99. During stage 5, the adolescent will first realize the onset of … ……
A. an identity crisis
B. role confusions
C. the most significant conflict a person will face
D. both A & B
Answer: B. role confusions
100. Initiative vs. Guilt takes place during which ages?
A. 2-6
B. 6-12
C. 0-1
D. 12-18
Answer: A. 2-6
101. What is the term that Erikson coined?
A. Oedipus Complex
B. Self-fulfilling Prophecy
C. Identity Crisis
D. Positive Reinforcement
Answer: C. Identity Crisis
102. What happens if a person does not successfully resolve a crisis within a stage?
A. They regress
B. They move to the next stage without any complications
C. They move to the next stage with issues left from the previous stage
D. They do not move to the next stage
Answer: C. They move to the next stage with issues left from the previous stage
103. Erikson is from what country?
A. Canada (North Bay)
B. USA
C. Sweden
D. Germany
Answer: D. Germany
104. What stage is Initiative vs. Guilt?
A. Stage 2
B. Stage 4
C. Stage 3
D. Stage 5
Answer: C. Stage 3
105. Erik Erikson published his psychosocial development theory in the followingbook?
A. Man and Society
B. War and Peace
C. Childhood and Society
D. Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone
Answer: C. Childhood and Society
106. Each stage in Erikson’s model of psychosocial development can be characterizedby:
A. A period of creative tension
B. An achievement scale for growth
C. A different psychological crisis
D. A and C
Answer: C. A different psychological crisis
107. According to Erikson, failure to resolve the tasks of middle adulthood leads to asense of _ involving a concern for one’s own needs and comforts only.
A. apathy
B. self-absorption
C. despair
D. stagnation
Answer: D. stagnation
108. A failure to develop a consistent identity results in
A. isolation.
B. inferiority.
C. role confusion
D. stagnation
Answer: C. role confusion
109. Generativity refers to
A. concern for welfare of others and society as a whole.
B. the desire to have children and thereby ensure survival of the species.
C. the ability to establish adequate social and financial security.
D. active acceptance of aging and the social changes it brings.
Answer: B. the desire to have children and thereby ensure survival of the species.
110. The correct order of the 3 stages of human prenatal development are
A. differentiation, implantation, strengthening
B. embryo, zygote, fetus
C. embryonic, placental, umbilical
D. zygote, embryo, fetus
Answer: D. zygote, embryo, fetus
111. The correct sequence of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development are
A. preoperational, sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal Operational
B. preoperational, concrete operational, sensorimotor, formal operational
C. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
D. sensorimotor, preoperational, conventional, postconventional
Answer: C. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
112. Which of Piaget’s stages is associated with adolescence?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Formal operational
C. Preoperational
D. concrete operational
Answer: B. Formal operational
113. The process of developing a sense of identity during adolescence washighlighted by
A. Erikson\s psychosocial development theory
B. Piaget\s cognitive development theory
C. Kohlberg\s moral development theory.
D. Freud’s psychoanalytic therapy
Answer: A. Erikson\s psychosocial development theory
114. Which represents the correct order of Piaget’s stages of intellectual development?
A. sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operational, postoperational
B. preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational, sensorimotor
C. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
D. preoperational, informal operational, formal operational, postoperational
Answer: C. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
115. The grasping, rooting, and sucking reflexes of infants are best described as
A. fixed action patterns.
B. instincts.
C. conditioned reflexes.
D. adaptive reflexes.
Answer: D. adaptive reflexes.
116. During the formal operations stage, children begin to
A. accurately use concepts of time, space, and number.
B. think primarily about concrete objects or situations.
C. develop the concept of object permanency.
D. think in terms of abstract principles and hypothetical possibilities.
Answer: D. think in terms of abstract principles and hypothetical possibilities.
117. Which reflex probably helps prevent falling?
A. Moro reflex
B. grasping reflex
C. rooting reflex
D. sucking reflex
Answer: B. grasping reflex
118. A child is largely nonverbal, is learning to coordinate purposeful movementswith sense information, and is developing the concept of object permanence. The child is in Piaget’s stage.
A. sensorimotor
B. preoperational
C. concrete operational
D. formal operations
Answer: A. sensorimotor
119. Newborn children
A. have limited sense abilities at birth and cannot feel pain at all.
B. can follow a moving object with their eyes.
C. cannot learn and must depend on the adaptive reflexes in order to
D. survive.
Answer: B. can follow a moving object with their eyes.
120. If touched on the cheek, neonates will turn their head in that direction. This iscalled the
A. Moro reflex.
B. rooting reflex.
C. orientation response.
D. Babinski response.
Answer: B. rooting reflex.
121. Physical growth and development is called
A. readiness.
B. maturation.
C. mobility.
D. heredity.
Answer: B. maturation.
122. Object permanence is to sensorimotor stage as conservation and reversibility areto
A. formal operational stage.
B. preoperational stage.
C. informal operational stage.
D. concrete operational stage.
Answer: D. concrete operational stage.
123. Substances capable of causing birth defects are known as
A. carcinogens.
B. teratogens.
C. chorionic villi.
D. antigens.
Answer: B. teratogens.
124. Piaget is mainly known for studying
A. language development.
B. sexual development.
C. social development.
D. cognitive development.
Answer: D. cognitive development.
125. A child who thinks it gets dark so that she can sleep is demonstrating
A. object permanence.
B. imprinting.
C. deprivation dwarfism.
D. egocentrism.
Answer: D. egocentrism.
126. Cephalocaudal means
A. from the center of the body to the extremities.
B. from the past to the future.
C. from the head to the toes.
D. from birth to death.
Answer: C. from the head to the toes.
127. Each cell possesses 46 that are responsible for all the geneticinformation passed from parents to children.
A. genes
B. chromosomes
C. zygotes
D. gametes
Answer: B. chromosomes
128. If an infant is startled by a loud sound, it makes movements similar to anembrace. This is called a reflex.
A. grasping
B. rooting
C. Babinski
D. Moro
Answer: D. Moro
129. A child has learned to get his or her way with a younger sibling by usingphysical intimidation. If he or she uses the same tactics on peers, this demonstrates
A. social learning.
B. classical conditioning.
C. assimilation.
D. accommodation.
Answer: C. assimilation.
130. Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory suggests that a child’s most importantdiscoveries are guided by
A. other children.
B. adults acting as tutors.
C. neither other children nor adults acting as
D. tutors.
Answer: B. adults acting as tutors.
131. Proximodistal means
A. from the center of the body to the extremities.
B. from the past to the future.
C. from the head to the toes.
D. from birth to death.
Answer: A. from the center of the body to the extremities.
132. According to , all children pass through a series of distinct stages intheir intellectual development.
A. Piaget
B. Bloom
C. Watson
D. Harlow
Answer: A. Piaget
133. Which of the following reflexes are related to feeding?
A. The Moro and rooting reflexes.
B. The rooting and sucking reflexes.
C. The Moro and sucking reflexes.
D. The Babinski and orienting reflexes.
Answer: B. The rooting and sucking reflexes.
134. Developmental psychology is the study of
A. the language, personality, and emotions of children and adolescents.
B. the stages of life and the important tasks of each.
C. progressive changes in behavior and abilities from conception to death.
D. the role of maturation in the unfolding of human potential.
Answer: C. progressive changes in behavior and abilities from conception to death.
135. Studies of visual perception indicate that
A. newborn babies prefer simple patterns over complex ones.
B. babies make little use of the visual sense before age 6 months.
C. infants prefer faces to colored ovals.
D. infants prefer unfamiliar faces to familiar faces.
Answer: C. infants prefer faces to colored ovals.
136. The study of changes in behavior from conception to death encompasses
A. gerontology.
B. thanatology.
C. developmental psychology.
D. social psychology.
Answer: C. developmental psychology.
137. The part of a chromosome that contains “instructions” that affect a particularprocess or personal characteristic is called a(n)
A. RNA.
B. gene.
C. soma.
D. protein.
Answer: B. gene.
138. When a gene is , it must be paired with a second gene of the sametype before its effect will be expressed.
A. recessive
B. dominant
C. polygenic
D. sex-linked
Answer: A. recessive
139. Using existing patterns of behavior in new situations is called
A. assimilation.
B. adaptation.
C. accommodation.
D. conservation.
Answer: A. assimilation.
140. Another name for a newborn baby is a(n)
A. embryo.
B. neonate.
C. zygote.
D. fetus.
Answer: B. neonate.
141. Fetal alcohol syndrome is characterized by
A. miscarriage, premature birth, and bodily defects.
B. increased birth weight.
C. genetic defects.
D. addiction to alcohol in the newborn.
Answer: A. miscarriage, premature birth, and bodily defects.
142. During the Sensorimotor Period, the most important source of information is .
A. language
B. emotion
C. the environment
D. vision
Answer: C. the environment
143. A child who failed to learn division and multiplication in grade school did notsuccessfully complete which of Erikson’s stages of personality development?
A. autonomy vs. shame and doubt
B. integrity vs. despair
C. industry vs. inferiority
D. initiative vs. guilt
Answer: C. industry vs. inferiority
144. According to Piaget, children would proceed through which sequence of stagesin their cognitive development?
A. sensorimotor, concrete operations, formal operations, preoperations
B. sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations
C. preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations, sensorimotor
D. sensorimotor, preoperations, formal operations, concrete operations
Answer: B. sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations
145. Jerry, age 67, and Al, age 65, are acquaintances. Jerry feels his life is meaningfuland enjoys his existence, but he has noticed that Al has lately withdrawn and sees his life as a “bunch of unmet goals.” These individuals illustrate which of Erikson’s stages
A. basic trust vs. mistrust
B. intimacy vs. isolation
C. generativity vs. stagnation
D. integrity vs. despair
Answer: D. integrity vs. despair
146. ———-is a female sex hormone
A. Androgen
B. TSH
C. Estrogen
D. Tropic hormone
Answer: C. Estrogen
147. ……… theory of aging states that Disengagement occurs when people withdrawfrom roles or activities and reduce their activity levels or involvement
A. Activity theory
B. Disengagement theory
C. Life course theory
D. Continuity theory
Answer: B. Disengagement theory
148. The premise of the ——- theory is that elders adapt to changes by usingstrategies to maintain continuity in their lives
A. Activity theory
B. Disengagement theory
C. Life course theory
D. Continuity theory
Answer: D. Continuity theory
149. The information-processing approach:
A. Analyses the different functional processes involved in cognitive development
B. Emphasizes the importance of clarity of speech and language
C. Analyses the processes involved in teaching new skills
D. Analyses the distortion of information transmission which can occur between Bronfenbrenner\s ecological systems
Answer: A. Analyses the different functional processes involved in cognitive development
150. Psychoanalytic theories:
A. Assert that there is an unconscious self-actualizing force within everyone
B. Regard actions as strongly influenced by unconscious forces
C. Are strongly based on statistical evidence
D. Emphasize the underlying rationality of all human behaviour
Answer: B. Regard actions as strongly influenced by unconscious forces
151. Piaget reasoned that before the individual can organize and interpret experience,they must first:
A. Represent it mentally
B. Create schemas
C. Receive appropriate tuition
D. Intellectualize it
Answer: B. Create schemas
152. A hollow needle is inserted through the abdominal wall to obtain a sample offluid in the uterus.
A. Fetoscopy.
B. Amniocentesis.
C. Ultrasou
Answer: B. Amniocentesis.
153. The outer layer of blastocyst is
A. Ectoderm.
B. Endoderm.
C. Mesoderm.
D. Neuron.
Answer: A. Ectoderm.
154. The point at which the baby can first survive called the age of ——–
A. Zygote.
B. Viability.
C. Embryo.
D. Fetus.
Answer: B. Viability.
155. The will become the muscle and skeletal systems.
A. Ectoderm.
B. Mesoderm.
C. Endoderm.
D. Periderm
Answer: B. Mesoderm.
156. are known as environment agents that can cause damage to thedeveloping fetus
A. Teratogens.
B. Chromosome.
C. DNA.
D. Gene.
Answer: A. Teratogens.
157. is a cluster of abnormalities that appear in the offspring of motherswho drink alcohol heavily during pregnancy.
A. Down syndrome.
B. FAS.
C. Edward syndrome.
D. Turner’s syndrome.
Answer: B. FAS.
158. According to perspective, children move through a series of stages inwhich they confront conflicts between biological drive and social expectations.
A. Psychoanalytic.
B. Eclectic
C. Cognitive.
D. Behavioristic
Answer: A. Psychoanalytic.
159. According to Freud Oedipus complex arises during psychosocial development.
A. Phallic.
B. Oral.
C. Anal.
D. Latency.
Answer: A. Phallic.
160. .According to Freud during stage toilet training becomes a major issuebetween parent and child.
A. Anal.
B. Phallic.
C. Oral.
D. Genital.
Answer: A. Anal.
161. is known as our conscience.
A. Ego.
B. Superego.
Answer: B. Superego.
162. is the largest portion of the mind, is the source of basic biologicalneeds and desires.
A. ID.
B. Ego.
C. Conscious.
D. Superego.
Answer: A. ID.
163. is the Freudian structure of personality that consists of instincts,which are an individual’s reservoir of psychic energy.
A. Superego.
B. Ego.
Answer: C.
164. is a defense mechanism that pushes unacceptable ID impulsesbeneath awareness.
A. Repression.
B. Reaction formation.
C. Regression.
D. Projection
Answer: A. Repression.
165. According to Freud is called the executive branch of personality.
A. ID.
B. Superego.
C. Ego.
D. Projection.
Answer: C. Ego.
166. In , the goal is to describe the strength of relationship between two ormore events.
A. Experimental method.
B. Correlational method.
C. Longitudinal meth
Answer: B. Correlational method.
167. Experimental method includes experimenter.
A. Independent variable.
B. Dependent variable.
C. Experimental variable.
D. Control group.
Answer: A. Independent variable.
168. .A is a comparison group that is treated in every way like theexperimental group except for the independent variable.
A. Experimental group.
B. Control group.
C. Dependent group.
D. Random group.
Answer: B. Control group.
169. is a strategy in which the same individuals are studied over a periodof time.
A. Cross sectional approach.
B. Longitudinal approach.
C. Sequential approach.
D. Cohort effect.
Answer: B. Longitudinal approach.
170. According to Freud in the stage boys develop attachment to theirmother and girls to their father.
A. Anal.
B. Phallic.
C. Latency.
D. Genital
Answer: B. Phallic.
171. is an approach which describes observed behaviour as a predictableresponse to experience.
A. Behaviourism.
B. Structuralism.
C. Fucntionalism.
D. Gestalt
Answer: A. Behaviourism.
172. .Piaget’s term for adjustment to new information about the environment.
A. Assimilation.
B. Organization.
C. Adaptation
D. Permanence
Answer: C. Adaptation
173. .Eriksons theory is known as
A. Psychosocial theory development.
B. Moral theory development.
C. Socio-biological.
D. Cognitive development
Answer: A. Psychosocial theory development.
174. is a method in which data are collected on same person over a periodof time.
A. Longitudinal.
B. Cross sectional.
C. Sequential.
D. Experimental
Answer: A. Longitudinal.
175. First 2 weeks of prenatal period is
A. Embryonic.
B. Fetal.
C. Germinal
D. Sequential
Answer: C. Germinal
176. The lower layer the will become the digestive system, liver, pancreas,and respiratory system.
A. Ectoderm
B. Endoderm.
C. Mesoderm
D. Periderm
Answer: C. Mesoderm
177. Social learning theory is proposed by
A. Bandura.
B. Watson.
C. Skinner.
D. Pavlov
Answer: A. Bandura.
178. Which of the following is not part of the process of conception?
A. fertilization
B. fragmentation
C. implantation
D. Ovulation
Answer: B. fragmentation
179. A normal human pregnancy lasts ca.
A. 280 days
B. 200 days
C. 320 days
D. 180 days
Answer: A. 280 days
180. During stage 2, ideally the toddler will develop an appropriate sense ofautonomy, if not he or she will then …
A. suffer from dependence
B. have little shame or doubt
C. be excessively impulsive
D. suffer from independence
Answer: A. suffer from dependence
181. According to Erikson’s epigenetic principles, the negative personalitytendencies that typically result from troubles during a stage of development are usually …
A. maladjustment and maladaptive
B. maladaptive and malignant
C. malignant and maladjustment
D. malady and malignancy
Answer: B. maladaptive and malignant
182. According to Erikson, during Stage 4 …
A. peers become more important than in previous stages
B. parents exert less influence on a child’s development than ever before
C. teachers play an increasing role in a child’s development
D. all the above
Answer: D. all the above
183. When does a person reach the latency stage and develop a capacity forindustry?
A. when they begin to tame their imagination
B. during stage three
C. during stage four
D. both A & C
Answer: D. both A & C
184. During stage 5, the adolescent will first realize the onset of …
A. an identity crisis
B. role confusions
C. the most significant conflict a person will face
D. all the above
Answer: D. all the above
185. Children who are given unrestricted freedom …
A. develop a healthy sense of autonomy
B. are not able to be appropriately toilet trained
C. develop a sense of guilt
D. develop the impression that they are not good for anything
Answer: D. develop the impression that they are not good for anything
186. ——– Viewed the child as a tabula rasa—Latin for “blank slate.”
A. John Locke
B. Darwin
C. Stanley Hall
D. Stanley Hall
Answer: A. John Locke