250+ TOP MCQs on A Brief History of Quality Control and Improvement and Answers

Statistical Quality Control Multiple Choice Questions on “A Brief History of Quality Control and Improvement – 1”.

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1. Quality is ______ variability.
a) opposite of
b) proportional to
c) reciprocal of
d) synonym of
Answer: c
Clarification: Quality is defined as the fitness of a product for use. In normal circumstances, the fitness of a product for use increases with a reduction in variability. So, Quality is reciprocal of Variability.

2. Which one of these is a dimension of quality?
a) Performance
b) Hazard rate
c) Process Capability
d) Control limits
Answer: a
Clarification: Performance is a key component of quality. Hence, it is counted in the dimensions of quality by Garvin (1987).

3. Performance of a product is _____
a) how long the product lasts
b) how easy it is to repair the product
c) how often the product fails
d) whether the product is capable of doing the intended job
Answer: d
Clarification: Performance of a manufactured product is defined as the capability of a product to do the job, for which it is designed.

4. Which one of these is not a component of quality?
a) Reliability
b) Durability
c) Acceptance sampling
d) Serviceability
Answer: c
Clarification: There are 8 components of quality which include reliability, durability, and serviceability. Acceptance sampling is not one of them.

5. How is the aesthetics of a product defined as?
a) How good the product performs its job
b) How good it looks
c) How fast the job of the product is completed
d) Whether the product is made exactly as the designer intended
Answer: b
Clarification: The visual appeal of the product is regarded as the aesthetics of the product. The looking of a product is the aesthetic dimension of quality.

6. What does reduced variability result in?
a) Increased failure rate
b) Decreased reliability
c) Fewer repair claims
d) Increased repair costs
Answer: c
Clarification: Reduction in variability removes harmful differences between product units. This means fewer failures, hence lesser repair claims.

7. Quality of a product is at its lowest when ____ quality component is neglected while it’s manufacturing.
a) performance
b) reliability
c) aesthetics
d) serviceability
Answer: a
Clarification: If a product does not carry out its job efficiently (performance), it will be of no use. So performance is a key factor of quality of any product.

8. Quality characteristics are classified into variables and ________
a) constants
b) attributes
c) standards
d) specifications
Answer: b
Clarification: Quality characteristics are broadly divided into two parts. Variables and Attributes are the two parts of Quality characteristics.

9. Read the following sentences and choose the correct option.
(i) Variables can only take discrete values while Attributes can take continuous values.
(ii) Variables can only take continuous values while Attributes take discrete value.
(iii) Attributes and variables are dependent on each other.
(iv) Width of an impeller blade is a variable but no. of defective blades in a lot is an attribute.
a) (i) and (iii) are correct
b) (i)and (iii) are incorrect
c) Only (i) is correct
d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Answer: b
Clarification: Variable can only take continuous values. Attributes can only take discrete values. Plus, variables are independent of attributes.

10. Which one of these is physical CTQ characteristic?
a) Length
b) Appearance
c) Reliability
d) Color
Answer: a
Clarification: Length is a physical CTQ characteristic, whereas appearance and color are sensory CTQ characteristics. Reliability is a Time-Orientation CTQ characteristic.

11. What does CTQ characteristic mean?
a) Close to quality characteristic
b) Comparison to quality characteristic
c) Consumer to quality characteristic
d) Critical to quality characteristic
Answer: d
Clarification: CTQ characteristic is termed as Critical to Quality characteristics. All the other options are not any relevance to Statistical Quality Control.

12. Specifications are defined as ______
a) desired measurements of CTQ characteristics of whole product
b) actual measurements of CTQ characteristic of whole product
c) difference from desired measurements of CTQ characteristic of the components of product
d) desired measurements of CTQ characteristics of the product components
Answer: d
Clarification: For any manufactured product, the specifications are the desired measurements for the quality characteristics of the components, which make up the product.

13. Length of a rectangular box is _______
a) a continuous measurement, i.e. a variable
b) a discrete measurement, i.e. an attribute
c) a continuous measurement, i.e. an attribute
d) a discrete measurement, i.e. a variable
Answer: a
Clarification: Length of any object is a continuous value. As all continuous values are a variable, so will be length of the rectangular box.