This set of Human Physiology Multiple Choice Questions on “Excretory Products – Structure of Nephron”.
1. Main function of Henle’s loop is ___________
A. Passage of urine
B. Filtration of blood
C. Formation of urine
D. Conservation of urine
View Answer
Answer: D
Clarification: Loop of Henle conducts urine within each nephron. It helps in the recovery of water and sodium chloride from the urine. It helps in the conservation of urine.
2. What is the function of ADH?
A. Controls sugar level in blood
B. Increases water absorption
C. Decreases water absorption
D. Synthesis of salt
View Answer
Answer: B
Clarification: ADH stands for antidieurtic hormone. It tells kidney how much water to conserve and it helps in increase of water absorption. It is secreted by the hypothalamus in the brain and stored in the pituitary gland.
3. Glucose is mainly reabsorbed in _______
A. Henle’s loop
B. DCT
C. PCT
D. Nephron
Answer: A
Clarification: Glucose is a simple sugar molecule made up of 6 carbon atoms. It circulates in the blood as blood sugar. It is reabsorbed in Henle’s loop which is present in nephron.
4. Part of nephron impermeable to salt is ____________
A. DCT
B. Collecting ducts
C. Ascending limb of loop of Henle
D. Descending limb of loop of Henle
Answer: D
Clarification: Henle’s loop is made up of the descending loop and an ascending loop. Descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to salt and doesn’t allow any salt to pass through it.
5. Podocytes are found in ______________
A. Cortex of nephron
B. Outer wall of Bowman’s capsule
C. Inner wall of Bowman’s capsule
D. Wall of glomerular capillaries
Answer: C
Clarification: Podocytes are cells in Bowman’s capsule in the kidney that wrap around capillaries of the glomerulus. The Bowman’s capsule filters blood.
6. PCT is lined with ______________
A. Cuboidal epithelium
B. Columnar epithelium
C. Simple brush border epithelium
D. Simple Cuboidal epithelium
View Answer
Answer: D
Clarification: PCT stands for proximal convoluted tubule. Fluid entering the PCT is reabsorbed into peritubular capillaries. PCT is lined with simple cuboidal epithelium.
7. Which of the following is the urinary bladder of embryo?
A. Allantois
B. Amnion
C. Chorion
D. Yolk sac
Answer: A
Clarification: Allantois is a part of placenta. It helps the embryo exchange gases and handles liquid wastes.
8. Longest loop of Henle is found in ___________
A. Opposum
B. Rhesus monkey
C. Kangaroo rat
D. Cockroach
Answer: C
Clarification: Longest loop of Henle is found in Kangaroo rat. It is a small rodent and is native to western North America.
9. Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule together are called as Malpighian tubules.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
Clarification: As Malpighian tubules is a type of excretory and osmoregulatory system. Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule together are called as Malpighian tubules.
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