Biology Multiple Choice Questions on “Flowering Plants Reproduction – Structure of Seed”.
1. Dicots and monocots are types of seeds.
a) False
b) True
Answer: b
Clarification: Though the seeds differ greatly, the early stages of embryo development (embryogeny) are similar in both monocotyledons and dicotyledons.
2. ___ divide after endosperm formation.
a) Zygote
b) Hilum
c) Micropyle
d) Cuticle
Answer: a
Clarification: Zygotes divide after endosperm formation. Reason being, zygote can not provide nutrition for itself. Endosperm is required to provide it with nutrition. It is an adaptation.
3. Embryogeny occurs at _______ end.
a) hilum
b) hypophysis
c) asix
d) microplylar
Answer: d
Clarification: The changes that occur during the development of embryo from zygote is defined as embryogeny. It takes place at the micropylar end of the embryo sac.
4. The larger basal cells in dicots are called the _____ cells.
a) suspensor
b) basal
c) hypophytic
d) micropylar
Answer: a
Clarification: The larger basal cell in dicotyledons are termed as suspensor cell. The one towards the antipodal end is called as embryo cell or terminal cell.
5. The embryo (in dicots) undergo 2 vertical divisions.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: The embryo cell in dicots undergoes two vertical divisions (quadrant stage) and one transverse division to form eight cells arranged in two tiers (octant stage) – epibasal (terminal) and hypobasal (near the suspensor).
6. The outer layer in dicots is called _____
a) procambium
b) ground meristem
c) protoderm
d) proembryo
Answer: c
Clarification: The octants (eight embryonic) cells divide periclinally (type of cell division that occurs parallel to the cells) to produce a dermatogen or an outer layer of protoderm. The inner cells differentiate into ground meristem (periblem) and procambium (plerome).
7. In dicots, the epidermis is formed by the _______
a) procambium
b) ground meristem
c) protoderm
d) proembryo
Answer: c
Clarification: Protoderm forms epidermis, procambium gives rise to stele or vascular strand and ground meristem produces cortex and pith.
8. In ______, the embryo remains in the globular form.
a) viola
b) orobanche
c) alstroemeria
d) dianthus
Answer: b
Clarification: In some plant species the embryo remains in the spherical or globular form even at the time of seed shedding without showing any differentiation of radicle, plumule and cotyledons, e.g., Orobanche, Utricularia, Orchids.
9. In monocots, the ____ end produces the suspensor cells.
a) micropylar
b) hilum
c) coleoptile
d) coleorhiza
Answer: a
Clarification: The zygote or oospore extends and then divides diagonally to form basal and terminal cells. The basal cell (towards micropylar end) produces a big swollen, vesicular suspensor cell.
10. In monocots, the suspensor cell may function as a ______
a) micropyle
b) hilum
c) haustorium
d) endosperm
Answer: c
Clarification: The suspensor cell may function like a haustorium. The terminal cell divides by another diagonal wall to form two cells. The top cell after several divisions forms the plumule and a single cotyledon.