Biology Multiple Choice Questions on “Flowering Plants Reproduction – Structure of Monocot and Dicot Embryo”.
1. The early globular embryo is the _______
a) proembryo
b) prembryo
c) endosperm
d) nuclei
Answer: a
Clarification: In simple words they are the cells formed after fertilization in the ovule before embryo formation. Initially the embryo is globular and undifferentiated. Early embryo with radial symmetry is called proembryo. It is transformed into embryo with the development of radicle, plumule and cotyledons.
2. ______ is the process formation of zygote to an embryo.
a) Fertilization
b) Syngamy
c) Embryogenesis
d) Blastosis
Answer: c
Clarification: Embryogeny is a process that follows fertilization. It is the process of development of a mature embryo from a zygote through cell division.
3. Embryogeny is meroblastic.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Clarification: It is meroblastic as it develops from a part of the zygote and endoscopic as it develops towards the interior due to the suspensor.
4. How does a typical dicot divide?
a) Elongates and then divides
b) Compresses and then divides
c) Normal division
d) Doesn’t divide
Answer: a
Clarification: In a typical dicot the zygote elongates and then divides by a transverse wall into two unequal cells. The suspensor cell divides transversely a few times to produce a filamentous suspensor of 6-10 cells.
5. The last cell of the suspensor (in dicots) is ______
a) hyperphysis
b) hypophysis
c) haustorium
d) antipodal
Answer: b
Clarification: The last cell of the suspensor at the end adjacent to the embryo is known as hypophysis. Hypophysis later gives rise to the radicle and root cap.
6. The first cell of the suspensor (in dicots) functions as a ______
a) hyperphysis
b) hypophysis
c) haustorium
d) antipodal
Answer: c
Clarification: The first cell of the suspensor (in dicots) functions as a haustorium. The suspensor cell towards the micropylar swells up to function as a haustorium.
7. The part of embryonal axis above the level of cotyledons is called ____
a) hypocotyl
b) haustorium
c) hypophysis
d) epicotyl
Answer: d
Clarification: A typical dicotyledonous embryo consists of an embryonal axis and two cotyledons. The part of embryonal axis above the level of cotyledons is called epicotyl.
8. In monocots, _______ grows rapidly.
a) plumule
b) radicle
c) coleorhiza
d) scutellum
Answer: d
Clarification: In monocots, scutellum grows rapidly. The top cell forms the plumule and a single cotyledon after divisions. The cotyledon called scutellum grows and pushes the plumule.
9. Lower end of the embryonal axis in monocots is enclosed within ______
a) scutellum
b) coleorhiza
c) plumule
d) radicle
Answer: b
Clarification: Since monocotyledons have only one cotyledon, the lower end of the embryonal axis that is the radicle and root cap in monocots is enclosed within the coleorhiza.
10. Epicotyl, in monocots, has a few leaf primordia enclosed within _______
a) coleorhiza
b) coleoptile
c) scutellum
d) hypophysis
Answer: b
Clarification: The part of axis above the level of attachment of scutellum is called epicotyl. It has as shoot apex and few leaf primordia enclosed in a hollow foliar structure called coleoptile.