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Pharmacokinetics Multiple Choice Questions
Pharmacokinetics Objective Questions with Answers Pdf Download for Freshers Experienced Medical MBBS Students Pharmacokinetics Multiple choice Questions.
1. Pharmacokinetics is:
a) The study of biological and therapeutic effects of d–gs
b) The study of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of d–gs
c) The study of mechanisms of d–g action
d) The study of methods of new d–g development
Answer: b
2. What does “pharmacokinetics” include?
a) Complications of d–g therapy
b) d–g biotransformation in the organism
c) Influence of d–gs on metabolism processes
d) Influence of d–gs on genes
Answer: b
3. What does “pharmacokinetics” include?
a) Localization of d–g action
b) Mechanisms of d–g action
c) Excretion of substances
d) Interaction of substances
Answer: c
4. The main mechanism of most d–gs absorption in GI tract is:
a) Active transport (carrier-mediated diffusion)
b) Filtration (aqueous diffusion)
c) Endocytosis and exocytosis
d) Passive diffusion (lipid diffusion)
Answer: d
5. What kind of substances can’t permeate membranes by passive diffusion?
a) Lipid-soluble
b) Non-ionized substances
c) Hydrophobic substances
d) Hydrophilic substances
Answer: d
6. A hydrophilic medicinal agent has the following property:
a) Low ability to penetrate through the cell membrane lipids
b) Penetrate through membranes by means of endocytosis
c) Easy permeation through the blood-brain barrier
d) High reabsorption in renal tubules
Answer: a
7. What is implied by «active transport»?
a) Transport of d–gs trough a membrane by means of diffusion
b) Transport without energy consumption
c) Engulf of d–g by a cell membrane with a new vesicle formation
d) Transport against concentration gradient
Answer: d
8. What does the term “bioavailability” mean?
a) Plasma protein binding degree of substance
b) Permeability through the brain-blood barrier
c) Fraction of an uncharged d–g reaching the systemic circulation following any route administration
d) Amount of a substance in urine relative to the initial doze
Answer: c
9. The reasons determing bioavailability are:
a) Rheological parameters of blood
b) Amount of a substance obtained orally and quantity of intakes
c) Extent of absorption and hepatic first-pass effect
d) Glomerular filtration rate
Answer: c
10. Pick out the appropriate alimentary route of administration when passage of d–gs through liver is minimized:
a) Oral
b) Transdermal
c) Rectal
d) Intraduodenal
Answer: c
11. Which route of d–g administration is most likely to lead to the first-pass effect?
a) Sublingual
b) Oral
c) Intravenous
d) Intramuscular
Answer: b
12. What is characteristic of the oral route?
a) Fast onset of effect
b) Absorption depends on GI tract secretion and motor function
c) A d–g reaches the blood passing the liver
d) The sterilization of medicinal forms is obligatory
Answer: b
13. Tick the feature of the sublingual route:
a) Pretty fast absorption
b) A d–g is exposed to gastric secretion
c) A d–g is exposed more prominent liver metabolism
d) A d–g can be administrated in a variety of doses
Answer: a
14. Pick out the parenteral route of medicinal agent administration:
a) Rectal
b) Oral
c) Sublingual
d) Inhalation
Answer: d
15. Parenteral administration:
a) Cannot be used with unconsciousness patients
b) Generally results in a less accurate dosage than oral administration
c) Usually produces a more rapid response than oral administration
d) Is too slow for emergency use
Answer: c
16. What is characteristic of the intramuscular route of d–g administration?
a) Only water solutions can be injected
b) Oily solutions can be injected
c) Opportunity of hypertonic solution injections
d) The action develops slower, than at oral administration
Answer: b
17. Intravenous injections are more suitable for oily solutions:
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
18. Correct statements listing characteristics of a particular route of d–g administration include all of the following EXCEPT:
a) Intravenous administration provides a rapid response
b) Intramuscular administration requires a sterile technique
c) Inhalation provides slow access to the general circulation
d) Subcutaneous administration may cause local irritation
Answer: c
19. Most of d–gs are distributed homogeneously.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
20. Biological barriers include all except:
a) Renal tubules
b) Cell membranes
c) Capillary walls
d) Placenta
Answer: a
21. What is the reason of complicated penetration of some d–gs through brain-blood barrier?
a) High lipid solubility of a d–g
b) Meningitis
c) Absence of pores in the brain capillary endothelium
d) High endocytosis degree in a brain capillary
Answer: c
22. The volume of distribution (Vd) relates:
a) Single to a daily dose of an administrated d–g
b) An administrated dose to a body weight
c) An uncharged d–g reaching the systemic circulation
d) The amount of a d–g in the body to the concentration of a d–g in plasma
Answer: d
23. For the calculation of the volume of distribution (Vd) one must take into account:
a) Concentration of a substance in plasma
b) Concentration of substance in urine
c) Therapeutical width of d–g action
d) A daily dose of d–g
Answer: a
24. A small amount of the volume of distribution is common for lipophylic substances easy penetrating through barriers and widely distributing in plasma, interstitial and cell fluids:
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
25. The term “biotransformation” includes the following:
a) Accumulation of substances in a fat tissue
b) Binding of substances with plasma proteins
c) Accumulation of substances in a tissue
d) Process of physicochemical and biochemical alteration of a d–g in the body
Answer: d
26. Biotransformation of the d–gs is to render them:
a) Less ionized
b) More pharmacologically active
c) More lipid soluble
d) Less lipid soluble
Answer: d
27. Tick the d–g type for which microsomal oxidation is the most prominent:
a) Lipid soluble
b) Water soluble
c) Low molecular weight
d) High molecular weight
Answer: a
28. Pick out the right statement:
a) Microsomal oxidation always results in inactivation of a compound
b) Microsomal oxidation results in a decrease of compound toxicity
c) Microsomal oxidation results in an increase of ionization and water solubility of a d–g
d) Microsomal oxidation results in an increase of lipid solubility of a d–g thus its excretion from the organism is facilitated
Answer: c
29. Stimulation of liver microsomal enzymes can:
a) Require the dose increase of some d–gs
b) Require the dose decrease of some d–gs
c) Prolong the duration of the action of a d–g
d) Intensify the unwanted reaction of a d–g
Answer: a
30. Metabolic transformation (phase 1) is:
a) Acetylation and methylation of substances
b) Transformation of substances due to oxidation, reduction or hydrolysis
c) Glucuronide formation
d) Binding to plasma proteins
Answer: b
31. Biotransformation of a medicinal substance results in:
a) Faster urinary excretion
b) Slower urinary excretion
c) Easier distribution in organism
d) Higher binding to membranes
Answer: a
32. Conjugation is:
a) Process of d–g reduction by special enzymes
b) Process of d–g oxidation by special oxidases
c) Coupling of a d–g with an endogenous substrate
d) Solubilization in lipids
Answer: c
33. Which of the following processes proceeds in the second phase of biotransformation?
a) Acetylation
b) Reduction
c) Oxidation
d) Hydrolysis
Answer: a
34. Conjugation of a d–g includes the following EXCEPT:
a) Glucoronidation
b) Sulfate formation
c) Hydrolysis
d) Methylation
Answer: c
35. Metabolic transformation and conjugation usually results in an increase of a substance biological activity:
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
36. In case of liver disorders accompanied by a decline in microsomal enzyme activity the duration of action of some d–gs is:
a) Decreased
b) Enlarged
c) Remained unchanged
d) Changed insignificantly
Answer: b
37. Half life (t ½) is the time required to:
a) Change the amount of a d–g in plasma by half during elimination
b) Metabolize a half of an introduced d–g into the active metabolite
c) Absorb a half of an introduced d–g
d) Bind a half of an introduced d–g to plasma proteins
Answer: a
38. Half life (t ½) doesn’t depend on:
a) Biotransformation
b) Time of d–g absorption
c) Concentration of a d–g in plasma
d) Rate of d–g elimination
Answer: b
39. Elimination is expressed as follows:
a) Rate of renal tubular reabsorption
b) Clearance speed of some volume of blood from substance
c) Time required to decrease the amount of d–g in plasma by one-half
d) Clearance of an organism from a xenobiotic
Answer: d
40. Elimination rate constant (Kelim) is defined by the following parameter:
a) Rate of absorption
b) Maximal concentration of a substance in plasma
c) Highest single dose
d) Half life (t ½)
Answer: d
41. The most rapid eliminated d–gs are those with high glomerular filtration rate and actively secreted but aren’t passively reabsorbed:
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
42. Systemic clearance (CLs) is related with:
a) Only the concentration of substances in plasma
b) Only the elimination rate constant
c) Volume of distribution, half life and elimination rate constant
d) Bioavailability and half life
Answer: c