250+ TOP MCQs on Remediation of Soil Polluted with Organic Pollutants

Environmental Biotechnology MCQs on “Remediation of Soil Polluted with Organic Pollutants”.

1. Organic pollutants are persistent and can not be degraded in the environment by natural processes.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: Organic pollutants can accumulate in the environment and cause environmental pollution as they are persistent and can not be degraded in the environment by the natural biological of chemical processes.

2. Which of the following is not an organic pollutant?
a) Insecticides
b) Dioxins
c) Polychlorinated biphenyls
d) Oxygen

Answer: d
Clarification: Insecticides, dioxins and Polychlorinated biphenyls are the various organic pollutants persistent in the environment whereas Oxygen is not an environmental pollutant.

3. The compounds which does not get degraded under any circumstances is called _______
a) Recalcitrant
b) Persistent
c) Mineralization
d) Bioaccumulation

Answer: a
Clarification: Recalcitrant are the compounds that are persistent in the environment for a long time as it can not be degraded under any circumstances.

4. Bioconcentration factor is the concentration of a pollutant in a organism compared to that present in the environment.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: Bioconcentration factor is a term used to refer to the amount of pollutants from the environment that is concentrated in the organism over a period of time.

5. Which of the following method leads to the accumulation of organic pollutants in the environment?
a) Mine dumps
b) Culm dumps
c) Spills
d) Mine drainage

Answer: c
Clarification: Spills results is release of certain organic pollutants like biocides and hericides in the environment that leads to accumulation of organic pollutants, Mine dumps, Culm dumps are also called as tailings, means the material remains after the process of successful separation of the beneficiary material from the ore whereas mine drainage is the flow of acidic water from mines as a waste product.

6. The persistence of the organic compounds depends on the presence of halogen.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The organic compounds get deposited in the environment and their degradation in the environment depends on the presence of halogen groups in the compound.

7. Which of the following compound gets accumulated as a result of degradation by the anaerobic microorganisms?
a) Liquid Nitrogen
b) Crude oil
c) Oxygen
d) Nitrogen

Answer: b
Clarification: Crude oil is an organic compound that gets accumulated as a result of degradation by the anaerobic microorganisms, Liquid Nitrogen is used to break the cell walls of a cell, and Oxygen and Nitrogen is a constituency of air.

8. Which of the following is used in bio degradation of xenobiotics?
a) Enzymes
b) Chemicals
c) Physical sorting
d) PAHs

Answer: a
Clarification: Enzymes are the biological compounds that are used in bio degradation of xenobiotics whereas Chemicals might help in degradation but are harmful to the environment, physical sorting is tedious hence, not effective and poly-cyclic aromatics hydrocarbons are environmental pollutants.

9. Non-halogen based xenobiotics are converted into _________
a) Catechol
b) Sulphur
c) Acrylamide
d) Acid

Answer: a
Clarification: Non-halogen based xenobiotics compounds are converted into catechol as a result of degradation by microorganisms but are not converted into Sulphur, Acrylamide which is carcinogenic or Acid.

10. A period of adaptation is required before microbial degradation of xenobiotics.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: Xenobiotics or the synthetic organic compounds like herbicides and pesticides can be degraded by micro organisms but a period of adaptation is required before microbial degradation.

11. Hydrocarbons present in xenobiotic compounds can be degraded by aerobic and anaerobic processes.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: The hydrocarbons that are present in xenobiotic or organic compounds are stable and reduced hence, can be degraded by aerobic and anaerobic processes.

12. Which of the following process is not used to convert the hydrocarbons present in the organic compounds to central metabolic intermediates?
a) Hydration
b) Extraction
c) Nitroreduction
d) Reductive dehydroxylation

Answer: b
Clarification: Hydration, Nitroreduction and Reductive dehydroxylation processes are used to convert the hydrocarbons present in the organic compounds to central metabolic intermediates which is hydrolyzed to convert into compounds that then enters the Krebs cycle whereas, Extraction is the phase for separation of minerals from the ores.

13. Plants can degrade xenobiotic compounds.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: Plants can degrade xenobiotic compounds by offering a cheap but slow process of remediation to clean the environmental pollutants.

14. The anaerobic degradation of xenobiotics is a faster process.
a) True
b) False

Answer: b
Clarification: The anaerobic degradation process of xenobiotics is a much slower process than aerobic degradation processes.

15. Phyto remediation technique is used to sequester pollutants in areas near the roots.
a) True
b) False

Answer: a
Clarification: Phyto-remediation technique is a cost effective method to decrease the xenobiotic compounds from the environment in which plants are sequestering the various pollutants in soils present near the roots.